Figure 5

The combination of TGF-β1 and TWEAK-induced N-cadherin up-regulation required Smad, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Confluent monolayers of BEAS-2B cells were cultured for 48 h in the absence (DMSO as vehicle) or presence of SB43125 (10 μM), AG1478 (1 μM), AZD6244 (5 μM), SB202190 (5 μM), SP600125 (5 μM), LY294002 (5 μM), or BAY11-7082 (2.5 μM) and treated with TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml), TNF-α (10 ng/ml), TWEAK (100 ng/ml), or TGF-β1 in combination with TNF-α or TWEAK, as indicated. The levels of E-cadherin (A) and N-cadherin (B) mRNAs were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Expression levels were normalized to the housekeeping gene GAPDH and calculated as fold induction in comparison to vehicle. Data represent the means ± SD of three independent experiments. ^* p < 0.05 compared with vehicle.