Figure 7
From: Epithelial expression of TLR4 is modulated in COPD and by steroids, salmeterol and cigarette smoke
Cigarette smoke potentiates hyporesponsiveness to LPS by Dexamethasone and Salmeterol. A549 cells (3 × 105) were seeded onto 6-well plates and grown to confluence. Cells were washed, placed in serum free medium (1 and 2), CSE (10-1) × 4 hours [3], pretreated for 16 h with Dex (10-7 M) then for 4 h with CSE (10-1) [4], pretreated for 16 h with Sal (10-6 M) then for 4 h with CSE (10-1) [5] or pretreated for 16 h with Dex (10-7 M) AND (Sal 10-6 M) then for 4 h with CSE (10-1 M) × 4 hours. Following these treatments, cells were stimulated with LPS 10 μg/ml for a further 24 hours. Levels of IL-8 in supernatants were measured by ELISA and values are expressed as fold change compared to unstimulated controls. Assays were performed in duplicate a minimum of three times. Values are expressed as mean +/- S.E. (n = 3). (* signifies P ≤ 0.05 of observed effect vs. LPS alone, †signifies P ≤ 0.05 of observed effect vs. CSE plus LPS).