Table 1 Subject Demographic and Clinical Characteristics by 30-Day Mortality*
Variable | 30-Day Mortality | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Alive (n= 715) | Dead (n= 72) | p-valzue | |
Age, years +/- standard deviation | 60.2+/-16.4 | 62.9 +/-16.4 | 0.09 |
Men | 561 (79) | 60 (83) | 0.3 |
Nursing home resident | 41 (6) | 13 (18) | <0.001 |
Admitted through emergency department | 598 (84) | 58 (81) | 0.5 |
Admitted to intensive care within 24 hours | 118 (17) | 36 (50) | <0.001 |
Preexisting Comorbid Conditions | |||
Congestive heart failure | 105 (15) | 18 (25) | 0.02 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 195 (27) | 23 (31) | 0.4 |
History of stroke | 93 (13) | 12 (17) | 0.4 |
Chronic liver disease | 83 (12) | 11 (15) | 0.4 |
History of malignancy | 58 (8) | 20 (28) | <0.001 |
Renal insufficiency | 74 (10) | 13 (18) | 0.05 |
History, Physical, Laboratory, and Radiographic Data | |||
Altered mental status | 68(10) | 17(24) | <0.001 |
Respiratory rate > 30 per minute | 71 (10) | 11 (15) | 0.2 |
Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg | 16 (2) | 5 (7) | 0.02 |
Heart rate > 125 per minute | 86 (12) | 19 (26) | 0.001 |
Temperature < 95° or > 104°F | 19 (3) | 2 (3) | 0.9 |
Arterial pH < 7.35 | 37 (5) | 12 (17) | <0.001 |
Arterial oxygenation saturation < 90% | 149 (21) | 27 (38) | 0.001 |
Hematocrit < 30% | 64 (9) | 8 (11) | 0.5 |
Serum blood urea nitrogen > 30 mg/dL | 135 (19) | 33 (46) | <0.001 |
Serum glucose > 250 mg/dL | 71 (10) | 5 (7) | 0.4 |
Serum sodium < 130 meq/L | 98 (14) | 18 (25) | 0.01 |
Pleural effusion on chest radiograph | 160 (11) | 29 (35) | 0.001 |
Pneumonia Severity Index | |||
Class I-III | 393 (54) | 16 (22) | |
Class IV | 240 (34) | 26 (36) | |
Class V | 82 (12) | 30 (42) | <0.001 |
Processes of Care | |||
Initial antibiotics within 4 hours | 201 (28) | 22 (31) | 0.7 |
Initial antibiotics within 8 hours | 358 (50) | 36 (50) | 1.0 |
Blood cultures prior to antibiotics | 540 (76) | 55 (76) | 0.9 |
Oxygenation assessed ≤ 24 hours | 538 (75) | 65 (90) | 0.004 |
Guideline-concordant antibiotics used | 574 (80) | 51 (71) | 0.05 |
Outpatient Medications | |||
Statin | 105 (15) | 5 (7) | 0.07 |