Table 3 Baseline Phenotypic Characteristics and Results of Cluster Analysis.

Phenotypic Variables

Post-bronchodilator FEV₁, % predicted

28.3 (7.33)

2.60 × 10^-28

26.5*

34.3**

23.9**

26.2*

Bronchodilator response, % of baseline FEV₁

13.6 (0.12)

5.10 × 10^-19

13.4

21.5**

6.6**

10.5*

Apical fraction emphysema at -950 HU^†

0.21 (0-0.72)

9.60 × 10^-30

0.47**

0.17**

0.16**

0.15*

Airway wall thickness, mm

1.53 (0.25)

5.10 × 10^-54

1.36**

1.50

1.45**

1.93**

Age (years)

67.4 (6.08)

0.023

66.5

68.6*

66.3*

68.2

BMI (kg/m²)

25.1 (3.45)

0.0001

23.7**

25.7*

24.7

26.1*

Gender (% male)

64

0.37

56

64

69

67

Pack-years of smoking

67.4 (30.4)

0.13

60.08**

68.57

68.47

72.73

Age started smoking

16.4 (3.58)

0.37

16.74

16.60

15.85

16.63

Age quit smoking

57.7 (7.58)

0.12

56.72

58.89

56.68

58.61

Pre-bronchodilator FEV₁ % predicted

25.0 (6.55)

5.80 × 10^-11

23.48*

28.57**

22.6**

23.89

Pre-bronchodilator FVC % predicted

61.3 (15.4)

4.10 × 10^-7

59.0

68.2**

57.3**

57.5

Post-bronchodilator FVC % predicted

69.6 (15.7)

6.70 × 10^-14

67.5

79.1**

62.9**

65.2*

Bronchodilator response, absolute change in FEV₁, L

0.09 (0.09)

1.90 × 10^-28

0.08

0.16**

0.04**

0.07**

FEV ₁ /FVC ratio (pre-bronchodilator)

0.32 (0.06)

0.13

0.32

0.33

0.31

0.33

FEV₁/FVC ratio (post-bronchodilator)

0.32 (0.06)

2.10 × 10^-5

0.31

0.34**

0.30**

0.31

Total lung capacity, %predicted

128 (15.3)

3.00 × 10^-4

132.7**

126.3

129.4

121.2**

Residual volume, % predicted

216 (47.4)

1.20 × 10^-08

235.3**

195.8**

229.3**

208.9

Diffusion capacity, % predicted

30 (10.1)

4.60 × 10^-6

25.2**

33.1**

29.0

31.7

Total fraction emphysema at -950 HU^†

0.15 (0-0.50)

3.40 × 10^-25

0.31**

0.13**

0.12**

0.11**

Difference between fraction apical and basal emphysema at -950 HU^†

0.12 (-0.33-0.64)

2.80 × 10^-22

0.37**

0.08**

0.06**

0.08

Airway wall area, %

73.3 (3.96)

9.90 × 10^-39

70.4**

73.2

72.4**

78.7**

Square root airway wall area, cm

4.6 (0.50)

2.10 × 10^-32

4.3**

4.6

4.5**

5.3**

6 minute walk distance (ft)

1265 (318)

1.90 × 10^-5

1192.2*

1382.1**

1247.2

1155.7*

Maximum work (watts)

43.8 (22.3)

5.20 × 10^-7

35.5**

53.4**

40.9

40.3

UCSD Shortness of Breath Questionnaire Score

58.9 (17.6)

0.0012

61.4

54.0**

63.5**

57.4

Arterial pH

7.42 (0.03)

0.64

7.43

7.42

7.42

7.42

PaO2, mmHg

64.8 (10.8)

0.048

64.2

67.0*

64.3

62.1*

PaCO2, mmHg

42.5 (5.62)

1.00 × 10^-4

42.0

40.8**

44.3**

43.7

Exacerbations in year prior to randomization ^†

0 (0-4)

0.058

0

0**

0

0

Exacerbations/year (over 3.3 years) ^†

0.16 (0-3.12)

0.054

0.19

0.00**

0.19

0.15

rs1800470 TGFB1 ^‡

AA

36%

0.04

24%**

42%

34%

45%

AG

50%

51%**

46%

55%

57%

GG

14%

25%**

12%

12%

8%