Table 1 Mean ± SD, median (IQR), or proportion of the main anthropometric, clinical, functional and radiological variables in the three groups of participants

63.4 ± 7.1^{a, b}

55.4 ± 9.0

54.1 ± 9.0

< 0.001

48.6 ± 27.1 ^{a, b}

31.6 ± 21.5^b

0.2 ± 1.1

< 0.001

36^a

61

< 0.001

26.5 ± 5.7^b

26.8 ± 4.6

27.7 ± 5.4

0.004

17.2 ± 2.8

17.1 ± 2.6

17.2 ± 2.7

0.842

1.7 ± 1.1 ^{a, b}

0.2 ± 0.5^b

0.1 ± 0.3

< 0.001

50.1 ± 20.3 ^{a, b}

9.6 ± 12.3^b

4.8 ± 6.5

< 0.001

0.9 ± 1.2 ^{a, b}

0.0 ± 0.1

0.0 ± 0.1

< 0.001

26 ^{a, b}

11

9

< 0.001

9 ^{a, b}

3

1

< 0.001

4^d

2

1

0.018

7 ^{a, b}

1

0

< 0.001

12^{a, d}

5

7

< 0.001

14 ^{a, b}

5

5

< 0.001

10^b

7

5

0.003

5^e

2

4

0.127

11^b

7^d

3

< 0.001

27^d

29^d

19

0.031

17

15

14

0.506

Physiology

48.3 ± 15.8 ^{a, b}

108.6 ± 12.0^d

114.8 ± 13.9

< 0.001

44.8 ± 11.6 ^{a, b}

79.2 ± 5.2^d

81.1 ± 5.2

< 0.001

10.7 ± 13.7 ^{a, b}

4.5 ± 5.8^d

2.7 ± 4.5

< 0.001

369 ± 122

3.2 ± 2.1

Imaging

17.6 ± 12.2 ^{a, b}

2.4 ± 3.1^b

4.1 ± 4.2

< 0.001