Table 5 Comparison of models with estimated and observed prevalence of respiratory symptoms and COPD among female never smokers
Time | Exposure | Prevalence [%] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Model: PM 10 | Model: NO 2 | observed | ||
Chronic cough | ||||
Baseline | Median exposure a | 19.8 | 20.1 | 18.9 |
15 years later | No exposure decline | 38.6 | 28.1 | -- |
Exposure decline b | 26.4 | 26.4 | 26.5 | |
Chronic cough with phlegm production | ||||
Baseline | Median exposure a | 9.1 | 8.9 | 8.8 |
15 years later | No exposure decline | 21.4 | 14.3 | -- |
Exposure decline b | 13.3 | 13.0 | 13.3 | |
Mild COPD c | ||||
Baseline | Median exposure a | 8.5 | 9.4 | 8.4 |
15 years later | No exposure decline | 39.5 | 23.1 | -- |
Exposure decline b | 17.5 | 16.1 | 18.2 | |
Moderate COPD d | ||||
Baseline | Median exposure a | 3.6 | 4.0 | 3.2 |
15 years later | No exposure decline | 15.6 | 8.1 | -- |
Exposure decline b | 6.3 | 5.6 | 6.6 | |