preexisting ILD n = 7,333 | non-ILD n = 930,425 | Absolute standardized difference | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 70–74d | 40–44d | 1.52 |
20–49 | 629 (8.6) | 576,627 (62.0) | |
50–64 | 1,249 (17.0) | 183,839 (19.8) | |
65–79 | 3,063 (41.8) | 101,498 (10.9) | |
80+ | 2,392 (32.6) | 68,461 (7.4) | |
Sex, male | 4,181 (57.0) | 506,854 (54.5) | 0.05 |
Comorbidity: | |||
Cerebrovascular disease | 1,746 (23.8) | 52,304 (5.6) | 0.53 |
Malignancy | 2,354 (32.1) | 40,500 (4.4) | 0.77 |
Renal disease | 1,052 (14.3) | 19,586 (2.1) | 0.46 |
Congestive heart failure | 3,042 (41.5) | 54,733 (5.9) | 0.92 |
Liver disease | 1963 (26.8) | 75,638 (8.1) | 0.51 |
Diabetes mellitus | 3,962 (54.0) | 108,140 (11.6) | 1.01 |
LTOT before COVID-19 diagnosis | 568 (7.7) | 1,426 (0.2) | 0.40 |
ILD type: | |||
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | 295 (4.0) | ||
RA-associated ILD | 1,795 (24.5) | ||
SLE-associated ILD | 427 (5.8) | ||
PM/DM-associated ILD | 333 (4.5) | ||
SSc-associated ILD | 293 (4.0) | ||
SjS-associated ILD | 493 (6.7) | ||
MPA-associated ILD | 138 (1.9) | ||
Pulmonary sarcoidosis | 231 (3.2) | ||
Pneumoconiosis | 213 (2.9) | ||
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis | 69 (0.9) | ||
Other ILDa | 4,220 (57.6) | ||
COVID-19 treatment: | |||
Corticosteroidsb | 3,040 (41.5) | 134,139 (14.4) | 0.63 |
Steroid pulsec | 709 (9.7) | 11,657 (1.3) | 0.38 |
Tocilizumab | 276 (3.8) | 7,447 (0.8) | 0.20 |
Baricitinib | 169 (2.3) | 11,778 (1.3) | 0.08 |
Heparin | 1,127 (15.4) | 36,500 (3.9) | 0.40 |
Respiratory support care: | |||
Oxygen therapy | 3,238 (44.2) | 97,986 (10.5) | 0.81 |
High-flow nasal cannula | 439 (6.0) | 10,401 (1.1) | 0.27 |
Mechanical ventilation | 505 (6.9) | 13,096 (1.4) | 0.28 |
ECMO | 21 (0.3) | 778 (0.1) | 0.05 |
60-day mortality | 1,039 (14.2) | 15,665 (1.7) | 0.48 |