| Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis (model 1) | Multivariable analysis (model 2) | Multivariable analysis (model 3) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Hazard ratio | P value | Hazard ratio | P value | Hazard ratio | P value | Hazard ratio | P value |
Age (year) | 1.039 (1.018, 1.060) | < 0.001 | 1.064 (1.041, 1.088) | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  |
Sex (reference: female) | 1.399 (0.931, 2.102) | 0.107 | 1.808 (0.990, 3.300) | 0.054 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.966 (0.910, 1.024) | 0.244 | 0.892 (0.837, 0.950) | < 0.001 | 0.882 (0.826, 0.942) | < 0.001 |  |  |
Change in BMI during the first year post-diagnosis (kg/m2) | 0.931 (0.809, 1.071) | 0.319 | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.011 (0.875, 1.170) | 0.878 |
Smoking history (reference: never smoker) | 1.311 (0.912, 1.884) | 0.143 | 1.180 (0.706, 1.972) | 0.528 | 1.137 (0.779, 1.660) | 0.506 | Â | Â |
Antifibrotics (reference: no use) | 0.985 (0.674, 1.439) | 0.937 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Baseline GAP score | 1.747 (1.483, 2.058) | < 0.001 |  |  | 1.667 (1.401, 1.984) | < 0.001 |  |  |
Baseline FVC (% predicted) | 0.981 (0.970, 0.992) | 0.001 | 0.984 (0.972, 0.997) | 0.013 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Baseline DLCO (% predicted) | 0.981 (0.971, 0.991) | < 0.001 | 0.978 (0.967, 0.990) | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  |
FVC decline ≥ 5% during the first year post-diagnosis (% predicted) (reference: FVC decline < 5%) | 2.113 (1.507, 2.962) | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  | 2.070 (1.464, 2.927) | < 0.001 |
DLCO decline ≥ 10% during the first year post-diagnosis (% predicted) (reference: DLCO decline < 10%) | 2.179 (1.506, 3.151) | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  | 2.144 (1.478, 3.109) | < 0.001 |
Baseline pulmonary artery diameter (mm) | 1.080 (1.036, 1.126) | < 0.001 | 1.079 (1.028, 1.132) | 0.002 | 1.084 (1.033, 1.139) | 0.001 |  |  |
IPF extent on baseline CT (%) | 1.023 (1.011, 1.035) | < 0.001 | 1.010 (0.995, 1.026) | 0.192 | 1.018 (1.004, 1.032) | 0.014 |  |  |
Muscle area at T12-L1 on baseline CT (cm2) (reference: upper three quartiles) | 1.105 (0.752, 1.623) | 0.608 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Change in muscle area at T12-L1 during the first year post-diagnosis (cm2) (reference: upper three quartiles) | 1.144 (0.779, 1.680) | 0.491 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Fat area at T12-L1 on baseline CT (cm2) (reference: upper three quartiles) | 1.092 (0.736, 1.619) | 0.659 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Change in the fat area at T12-L1 during the first year post-diagnosis (cm2) (reference: upper three quartiles) | 1.626 (1.131, 2.337) | 0.009 | 1.594 (1.077, 2.36) | 0.020 | 1.513 (1.025, 2.234) | 0.037 | 1.488 (1.021, 2.167) | 0.038 |