Associations of a plant-centered diet and lung function across early to mid-adulthood: The CARDIA Lung Study

Respiratory Research

Table 4 Association between APDQS average and annual changes in pulmonary function measures from peak at each exam year per 1 SD APDQS^a,b

	Year 2—peak year n = 1015	p	Year 5—peak year n = 1576	p	Year 10—peak year n = 2312	p	Year 20—peak year n = 3218	p	Year 30—peak year n = 3097	P
FVC (ml/y)	10.6 (4.25)	0.013	3.06 (1.75)	0.081	3.27 (1.07)	0.002	1.57 (0.58)	0.007	1.46 (0.45)	0.001
	Year 2—peak year n = 1496	p	Year 5—peak year n = 2226	p	Year 10—peak year n = 2910	p	Year 20—peak year n = 3330	p	Year 30—peak year n = 3097	p
FEV₁ (ml/y)	12.2 (2.99)	< 0.0001	4.76 (1.31)	0.0003	2.28 (0.97)	0.019	1.49 (0.48)	0.002	0.72 (0.34)	0.033
	Year 2—peak year n = 1478	p	Year 5—peak year n = 2261	p	Year 10—peak year n = 2635	p	Year 20—peak year n = 3012	p	Year 30—peak year n = 3091	p
FEV₁/FVC (%/y)	0.158 (0.053)	0.003	0.067 (0.023)	0.004	− 0.029 (0.044)	0.52	0.027 (0.017)	0.11	0 (0.006)	0.945

^aDecline per year over time since peak for each of years 2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 per 13 APDQS points averaged over years 0, 7, and 20. Participants were only included in each regression if peak had occurred prior to the given exam year, and lung function was assessed at the target year and the peak year
^bMultivariable-adjusted linear regression model. The regression is adjusted for age squared, sex, race (Black and White), center (Birmingham, Chicago, Minneapolis, and Oakland), maximal educational attainment, baseline height, averaged total energy intake, averaged BMI, and life-time pack years of smoking

ISSN: 1465-993X