Female smokers beyond the perimenopausal period are at increased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Annual decline rate in FEV₁% pred/yr in men and women according to smoking status

Source	Average age at baseline (year)	Never smokers			Former smokers			Current smokers
		Women	Men	Difference*	Women	Men	Difference*	Women	Men	Difference*
Viegi et al,²² 2001	32	NA	NA	NA	-0.12	-0.21	0.09	0.12	0.13	-0.01
C hinn et al,¹² 2005	34	0.78	0.76	0.02	0.91	0.76	0.15	0.88	0.84	0.04
Rijcken et al,¹³ 1995	39	0.83	0.96	-0.13	0.89	0.87	0.02	0.97	1.11	-0.14
Jedrychow ski et al,¹⁴ 1986	40	1.35	1.13	0.22	NA	NA	NA	1.41	1.46	-0.05
James et al,¹⁵ 2005	42	0.87	0.91	-0.04	0.99	1.01	-0.02	1.05	1.22	-0.17
Tashkin et al,¹⁶ 1984	46	1.51	1.70	-0.19	1.36	1.65	-0.29	1.97	2.15	-0.18
Sherrill et al,¹⁷ 1996	48	0.50	0.44	0.06	0.49	0.85	-0.36	0.66	0.49	0.17
Connett et al,²³ 2003	48	NA	NA	NA	0.37	0.07	0.30	1.20	1.05	0.15
Xu et al,¹⁸ 1992	49	1.08	0.98	0.10	1.11	0.89	0.22	1.42	1.37	0.05

Each cell represents annual change in FEV₁% pred/yr, unless otherwise indicated.
Symbols: *:A positive number denotes a larger decline in FEV₁% pred in women; a negative number denotes a large decline in FEV₁% pred in men; †: Never smokers and former smokers were combined as non-smokers in the article since they did not differ in FEV₁% pred decline.

ISSN: 1465-993X