Figure 4From: Proinflammatory cytokine responses induced by influenza A (H5N1) viruses in primary human alveolar and bronchial epithelial cellsInfection of human type II pneumocytes with human influenza viruses. (A) Purified alveolar epithelial cells were fixed and analyzed by immunofluorescent staining specific for influenza virus nucleoprotein (×150). (B) The influenza M-gene mRNA profiles were assayed after infection. The concentrations of M-gene mRNA were normalized to those of β-actin mRNA in the corresponding sample. Means of duplicate assays are shown. (C) Alveolar epithelial cells were infected with human influenza viruses and the infectious virus yield (log10TCID50/ml) was determined in aliquots of supernatant collected at various times. Data are the means and the standard errors of independent experiments from three separate donors.Back to article page