Table 2 Exacerbations, severe exacerbations (hospitalization), and mortality rates in the control group (N = 2862) by cluster
From: Tiotropium might improve survival in subjects with COPD at high risk of mortality
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 410 | n = 1163 | n = 505 | n = 784 | |
Exacerbations | ||||
Exacerbations, per patient-year (no.) | ||||
Total | 0.81 ± 0.05 | 0.69 ± 0.03 | 1.21 ± 0.06 | 0.91 ± 0.04 |
Leading to hospitalization | 0.12 ± 0.02 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.33 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.02 |
Time to first exacerbation (months*) | ||||
Total | 11.9 (10.1, 14.9) | 17.3 (14.9, 20.0) | 7.8 (6.6, 8.9) | 11.2 (9.7, 13.9) |
Leading to hospitalization | 38.0 (29.9, 49.5) | 43.8 (35.8, N/A) | 14.6 (11.9, 17.3) | 27.1 (22.8, 31.2) |
Patients with exacerbation (n, %) | ||||
Total | 279 (68.0) | 752 (64.7) | 370 (73.3) | 543 (69.3) |
Leading to hospitalization | 96 (23.4) | 255 (21.9) | 196 (38.8) | 219 (27.9) |
Mortality | ||||
All cause, (n, %) | 64 (15.6) | 129 (11.1) | 132 (26.1) | 138 (17.6) |
Respiratory, (n, %) | 24 (5.9) | 27 (2.3) | 64 (12.7) | 43 (5.5) |