Articles

Usefulness of surgical lung biopsies after cryobiopsies when pathological results are inconclusive or show a pattern suggestive of a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia

Although increasing data supports the use of transbronchial lung cryobiopsies (TBLCs) for the diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs), its role as an alternative to surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is...

Authors: Benjamin Bondue, Dimitri Leduc, Antoine Froidure, Thierry Pieters, Olivier Taton, Vincent Heinen, Patrick Alexander, Delphine Hoton, Florence Dome and Myriam Remmelink

Effect of maternal sleep, physical activity and screen time during pregnancy on the risk of childhood respiratory allergies: a sex-specific study

Early life exposure in the uterus had a long-term effect on children’s health. As the prevalence of allergies is increasing with a remarkable sex difference, very few studies have traced back to their early or...

Authors: Yiting Chen, Jiajun Lyu, Yuanqing Xia, Jianzhen Zhu, Shilu Tong, Yong Ying, Jiajie Qu and Shenghui Li

Oxidative stress mediates the apoptosis and epigenetic modification of the Bcl-2 promoter via DNMT1 in a cigarette smoke-induced emphysema model

Emphysema is a crucial pathological characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Oxidative stress, apoptosis and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema. However, a...

Authors: Huihui Zeng, Tiao Li, Xue He, Shan Cai, Hong Luo, Ping Chen and Yan Chen

Value of metalloproteinases in predicting COPD in heavy urban smokers

Emphysema in asymptomatic heavy smokers can be detected during CT-scan screening for lung cancer. Metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been found to play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary d...

Authors: Jun-Chieh J. Tsay, Yingjie Hu, Judith D. Goldberg, Bin Wang, Soumya Vijayalekshmy, Ting-An Yie, Katrina Bantis, Daniel H. Sterman and William N. Rom

AKT2 drives cancer progression and is negatively modulated by miR-124 in human lung adenocarcinoma

AKT2 is highly expressed in many human cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accumulating evidence has also revealed that AKT2 can promote NSCLC cell proliferation and metastasis. However, the...

Authors: Ting Liu, Jianjie Zhu, Wenwen Du, Weiwei Ning, Yang Zhang, Yuanyuan Zeng, Zeyi Liu and Jian-An Huang

A retrospective analysis of usefulness of impulse oscillometry system in the treatment of asthma

Bronchial asthma (BA) has different phenotypes, and it requires a clinically effective subtype classification system. The impulse oscillometry system (IOS) is an emerging technique device used in respiratory f...

Authors: Hiroyuki Sugawara, Atsushi Saito, Saori Yokoyama, Kazunori Tsunematsu, Hirofumi Chiba and Hiroki Takahashi

Maternal and infant outcomes in sarcoidosis pregnancy: a Swedish population-based cohort study of first births

It is unclear whether sarcoidosis, a multisystem inflammatory disease, is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to assess the risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes in sarcoidosis pregnanc...

Authors: Laura Köcher, Marios Rossides, Katarina Remaeus, Johan Grunewald, Anders Eklund, Susanna Kullberg and Elizabeth V. Arkema

From SARS and MERS to COVID-19: a brief summary and comparison of severe acute respiratory infections caused by three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses

Within two decades, there have emerged three highly pathogenic and deadly human coronaviruses, namely SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. The economic burden and health threats caused by these coronaviruses are...

Authors: Zhixing Zhu, Xihua Lian, Xiaoshan Su, Weijing Wu, Giuseppe A. Marraro and Yiming Zeng

The effects of anti-inflammatory agents as host-directed adjunct treatment of tuberculosis in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The potential role of adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapy to enhance tuberculosis (TB) treatment has recently received increasing interest. There is, therefore, a need to broadly examine current host-directed...

Authors: Frank Ekow Atta Hayford, Robin Claire Dolman, Renee Blaauw, Arista Nienaber, Cornelius Mattheus Smuts, Linda Malan and Cristian Ricci

Flagellin shifts 3D bronchospheres towards mucus hyperproduction

Cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with acute and chronic bacterial infections of the lung. Excessive differentiation of basal cells to mucus-producing goblet ...

Authors: Richard F. Sprott, Felix Ritzmann, Frank Langer, Yiwen Yao, Christian Herr, Yvonne Kohl, Thomas Tschernig, Robert Bals and Christoph Beisswenger

CXCR4⁺ cells are increased in lung tissue of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

CXCR4, a transmembrane-receptor located on epithelial cells that is activated by CXCL12, may have a role in IPF via migration of CXCR4⁺ fibrocytes to the lung. However, its expression has not been fully character...

Authors: Jade Jaffar, Kate Griffiths, Sara Oveissi, Mubing Duan, Michael Foley, Ian Glaspole, Karen Symons, Louise Organ and Glen Westall

Laryngopharyngeal reflux in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - a multi-centre study

Reflux of gastric content has been associated with recurrent exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to assess the prevalence of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) in COPD and if LP...

Authors: Julia Sanchez, Desiree M. Schumann, Meropi Karakioulaki, Eleni Papakonstantinou, Frank Rassouli, Matthias Frasnelli, Martin Brutsche, Michael Tamm and Daiana Stolz

Cluster analysis in 975 patients with current cough identifies a phenotype with several cough triggers, many background disorders, and low quality of life

Recognition of disorder phenotypes may help to estimate prognosis and to guide the clinical management. Current cough management guidelines classify patients according to the duration of the cough episode. How...

Authors: Heikki O. Koskela, Tuomas A. Selander and Anne M. Lätti

An authoritative algorithm most appropriate for the prediction of pulmonary embolism in patients with AECOPD

Contemporarily authoritative algorithms for the prediction of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) comprise the Standard algorithm, the Age-adjusted algorithm, the YEARS algorithm, the PERC algorithm, and the PEGeD a...

Authors: Wei Xiong, He Du, Mei Xu, Wei Ding, Jinyuan Sun, Fengfeng Han and Xuejun Guo

Outcome measures for airway clearance techniques in children with chronic obstructive lung diseases: a systematic review

Airway clearance techniques (ACTs) are an important aspect of the treatment of children with chronic obstructive lung diseases. Unfortunately, a sound evidence base is lacking and airway clearance strategies a...

Authors: Eline Lauwers, Kris Ides, Kim Van Hoorenbeeck and Stijn Verhulst

Fortified whey beverage for improving muscle mass in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a single-blind, randomized clinical trial

The development of effective nutritional supports for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) is still challenging. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of daily consumption...

Authors: Afsane Ahmadi, Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari, Zohreh Mazloom, Masoom Masoompour, Mohammad Fararooei, Mohammad Hadi Eskandari, Samrad Mehrabi, Alireza Bedeltavana, Mandana Famouri, Morteza Zare, Nasrin Nasimi and Zahra Sohrabi

HGF alleviates septic endothelial injury by inhibiting pyroptosis via the mTOR signalling pathway

Endothelial injury is one of the predominant pathophysiological characteristics of sepsis and is the major cause of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Endothelial pyroptosis is a fatal mechanism of endothe...

Authors: Fei Peng, Wei Chang, Qin Sun, Xinyi Xu, Jianfeng Xie, Haibo Qiu and Yi Yang

Chronic oral corticosteroids use and persistent eosinophilia in severe asthmatics from the Belgian severe asthma registry

Severe asthma (SA) may require frequent courses or chronic use of oral corticosteroids (OCS), inducing many known side effects and complications. Therefore, it is important to identify risk factors of chronic ...

Authors: S. Graff, S. Vanwynsberghe, G. Brusselle, S. Hanon, C. Sohy, L. J. Dupont, R. Peche, A. Michils, C. Pilette, G. Joos, R. E. Louis and F. N. Schleich

Correction to: Oxidative stress and Nrf2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from COPD patients: an observational longitudinal study

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: A. M. Fratta Pasini, C. Stranieri, M. Ferrari, U. Garbin, L. Cazzoletti, C. Mozzini, F. Spelta, D. Peserico and L. Cominacini

FGL1 regulates acquired resistance to Gefitinib by inhibiting apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer

This study investigated the role of fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) in regulating gefitinib resistance of PC9/GR non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Authors: Cuilan Sun, Weiwei Gao, Jiatao Liu, Hao Cheng and Jiqing Hao

A comparison of four different models of acute respiratory distress syndrome in sheep

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can have various causes. The study objective was to investigate whether different pathophysiologic models of ARDS would show different respiratory, cardiovascular and...

Authors: Monique Engel, Relana M. E. Nowacki, Elly M. Jonker, Daan Ophelders, Maria Nikiforou, Nico Kloosterboer, Luc J. I. Zimmermann, Dick A. van Waardenburg and Boris W. Kramer

Functional glutamate transporters are expressed in the carotid chemoreceptor

The carotid body (CB) plays a critical role in cyclic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced chemosensitivity; however, the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. We have demonstrated the presence of multiple ino...

Authors: Chaohong Li, Lu Huang, Xianglei Jia, Baosheng Zhao, Lingyun Chen and Yuzhen Liu

Sonic hedgehog signalling as a potential endobronchial biomarker in COPD

The hedgehog (HH) pathway has been associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in genome-wide association studies and recent studies suggest that HH signalling could be altered in COPD. We the...

Authors: Julien Ancel, Randa Belgacemi, Jeanne-Marie Perotin, Zania Diabasana, Sandra Dury, Maxime Dewolf, Arnaud Bonnomet, Nathalie Lalun, Philippe Birembaut, Myriam Polette, Gaëtan Deslée and Valérian Dormoy

Mechanisms affecting exercise ventilatory inefficiency-airflow obstruction relationship in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Authors: Ming-Lung Chuang

Analysis of serum polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

The importance of lipid mediators in allergic diseases has been long recognized, whereas little is known about their role in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). We investigated whether lipid mediat...

Authors: Lu Li, Jianlin Wu, Xiqing Bian, Ge Wu, Peiyan Zheng, Mingshan Xue and Baoqing Sun

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A – a new indicator of pulmonary vascular remodeling in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension?

In chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) impaired pulmonary hemodynamics lead to right heart failure. Natriuretic peptides reflect hemodynamic disease severity. Pregnancy-associated plasma prot...

Authors: Steffen D. Kriechbaum, Felix Rudolph, Christoph B. Wiedenroth, Lisa Mielzarek, Moritz Haas, Stefan Guth, Christian W. Hamm, Eckhard Mayer, Christoph Liebetrau and Till Keller

Impact of gastroesophageal reflux on longitudinal lung function and quantitative computed tomography in the COPDGene cohort

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has been associated with increased risk of acute exacerbations, hospitalization, emergency roo...

Authors: Arianne K. Baldomero, Chris H. Wendt, Ashley Petersen, Nathaniel T. Gaeckle, MeiLan K. Han and Ken M. Kunisaki

Endotrophin, an extracellular hormone, in combination with neoepitope markers of von Willebrand factor improves prediction of mortality in the ECLIPSE COPD cohort

Lung epithelial damage, activation of the wound healing cascade, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a major role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The pro-peptide of type VI c...

Authors: Sarah R. Rønnow, Lasse L. Langholm, Morten A. Karsdal, Tina Manon-Jensen, Ruth Tal-Singer, Bruce E. Miller, Jørgen Vestbo, Diana J. Leeming and Jannie M. B. Sand

Association between cytokine profiles and lung injury in COVID-19 pneumonia

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new respiratory and systemic disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The purpose of the present study was to investiga...

Authors: Li-Da Chen, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Xiao-Jie Wei, Yu-Qing Cai, Weng-Zhen Yao, Ming-Hui Wang, Qiu-Fen Huang and Xiao-Bin Zhang

Cell-specific expression of lung disease risk-related genes in the human small airway epithelium

The human small airway epithelium (SAE) plays a central role in the early events in the pathogenesis of most inherited and acquired lung disorders. Little is known about the molecular phenotypes of the specifi...

Authors: Wu-lin Zuo, Mahboubeh R. Rostami, Shushila A. Shenoy, Michelle G. LeBlanc, Jacqueline Salit, Yael Strulovici-Barel, Sarah L. O’Beirne, Robert J. Kaner, Philip L. Leopold, Jason G. Mezey, Juergen Schymeinsky, Karsten Quast, Sudha Visvanathan, Jay S. Fine, Matthew J. Thomas and Ronald G. Crystal

Tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – a review of clinical development

Bronchodilators are the mainstay of pharmacological treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) monotherapy is recommended as initial treatment for G...

Authors: Antonio Anzueto and Marc Miravitlles

The pathophysiology of ‘happy’ hypoxemia in COVID-19

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global crisis, challenging healthcare systems worldwide. Many patients present with a remarkable disconnect in rest between profound hypoxemia yet wi...

Authors: Sebastiaan Dhont, Eric Derom, Eva Van Braeckel, Pieter Depuydt and Bart N. Lambrecht

The need for a holistic approach for SSc-ILD – achievements and ambiguity in a devastating disease

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multi-organ autoimmune disease with complex interactions between immune-mediated inflammatory processes and vascular pathology leading to small vessel obliteration, promoting unco...

Authors: Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold, Yannick Allanore, Elisabeth Bendstrup, Cosimo Bruni, Oliver Distler, Toby M. Maher, Marlies Wijsenbeek and Michael Kreuter

Patient expectations, experiences and satisfaction with nintedanib and pirfenidone in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a quantitative study

Two antifibrotic drugs, nintedanib and pirfenidone, are available for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Although efficacy and adverse events have been well studied, little is known about patien...

Authors: C. C. Moor, R. L. M. Mostard, J. C. Grutters, P. Bresser, J. G. J. V. Aerts, C. D. Dirksen, M. L. Kimman and M. S. Wijsenbeek

Palliation of chronic breathlessness with morphine in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease – a randomised placebo-controlled trial

Patients suffering from fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (fILD) have a poor prognosis and a high symptom burden. Palliative treatment includes relief of symptoms such as breathlessness. There is no evidence...

Authors: Sissel Kronborg-White, Charlotte Uggerhøj Andersen, Charlotte Kohberg, Ole Hilberg and Elisabeth Bendstrup

Continuously available ratio of SpO₂/FiO₂ serves as a noninvasive prognostic marker for intensive care patients with COVID-19

Oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (SpO₂/FiO₂) has been described as potential predictor of poor outcome for COVID-19, without considering its time-varying behavior though.

Authors: Xiaofan Lu, Liyun Jiang, Taige Chen, Yang Wang, Bing Zhang, Yizhou Hong, Jun Wang and Fangrong Yan

LPS aggravates lung inflammation induced by RSV by promoting the ERK-MMP-12 signaling pathway in mice

RSV can lead to persistent airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and is intimately associated with childhood recurrent wheezing and asthma, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Lip...

Authors: Shenglin Chen, Jun Xie, Keting Zhao, Luo Ren, Yu Deng, Xiaohong Xie, Shiyi Chen, Hongmei Xu, Xiaoru Long and Enmei Liu

Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein might determine the severity and the presences of major/minor criteria for severe community-acquired pneumonia and best predicted mortality

Severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) depends on microbial pathogenicity, load and virulence, and immune responses. The Infectious Disease Society of America and the American Thoracic Society (IDSA/AT...

Authors: Qi Guo, Wei-dong Song, Hai-yan Li, Ming Li, Xiao-ke Chen, Hui Liu, Hong-lin Peng, Hai-qiong Yu, Nian Liu, Zhong-dong Lü, Li-hua Liang, Qing-zhou Zhao and Mei Jiang

Investigation of occurrence patterns of respiratory syncytial virus A and B in infected-patients from Cheonan, Korea

Respiratory infections caused by viruses affect the lower respiratory tract; these infections are severe in patients with underlying diseases and can even lead to death. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), one ...

Authors: Ga-Yeon Kim, Insoo Rheem, You Hyun Joung and Jae Kyung Kim

The SPLUNC1-βENaC complex prevents Burkholderia cenocepacia invasion in normal airway epithelia

Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are extremely vulnerable to Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) infections. However, the underlying etiology is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that short palate lung and ...

Authors: Saira Ahmad, Christine Seul Ki Kim and Robert Tarran

Assessment of comorbidities and prognosis in patients with COPD diagnosed with the fixed ratio and the lower limit of normal: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Currently, the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not uniform, COPD guidelines recommend fixed ratio (FR), whereas ATS and ERS define airflow obstruction based on lower limit of norma...

Authors: Huaiyu Xiong, Qiangru Huang, Tiankui Shuai, Lei Zhu, Chuchu Zhang, Meng Zhang, Yalei Wang and Jian Liu

ADAM15 expression is increased in lung CD8⁺ T cells, macrophages, and bronchial epithelial cells in patients with COPD and is inversely related to airflow obstruction

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-15 (ADAM15) is expressed by activated leukocytes, and fibroblasts in vitro. Whether ADAM15 expression is increased in the lungs of COPD patients is not known.

Authors: Xiaoyun Wang, Duo Zhang, Andrew Higham, Sophie Wolosianka, Xiaoyan Gai, Lu Zhou, Hans Petersen, Victor Pinto-Plata, Miguel Divo, Edwin K. Silverman, Bartolome Celli, Dave Singh, Yongchang Sun and Caroline A. Owen

Possible reversibility between epithelioid and sarcomatoid types of mesothelioma is independent of ERC/mesothelin expression

Mesothelioma is histologically divided into three subgroups: epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic types. The epithelioid or sarcomatoid type is morphologically defined by polygonal or spindle-like forms of c...

Authors: Masataka Kojima, Kazunori Kajino, Shuji Momose, Nadila Wali, May Thinzar Hlaing, Bo Han, Liang Yue, Masaaki Abe, Tomoaki Fujii, Katsuhisa Ikeda and Okio Hino

In vivo miR-138-5p inhibition alleviates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension and normalizes pulmonary KCNK3 and SLC45A3 expression

The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves many signalling pathways. MicroRNAs are potential candidates involved in simultaneously coordinating multiple genes under such multifactorial ...

Authors: Hélène Le Ribeuz, Audrey Courboulin, Maria-Rosa Ghigna, Mélanie Lambert, Aurélie Hautefort, Marc Humbert, David Montani, Sylvia Cohen-Kaminsky, Frédéric Perros and Fabrice Antigny

The association between pulmonary embolism and the cancer-related genomic alterations in patients with NSCLC

To date, the association between the acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and the currently existing cancer-related genomic alterations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been understudied. We re...

Authors: Wei Xiong, He Du, Wei Ding, Jinyuan Sun, Mei Xu and Xuejun Guo

A novel pleural-bladder pump for the management of recurrent malignant pleural effusions: a feasibility animal study

Recurrent malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are common and associated with significant morbidity in cancer patients. A new pump connecting the pleural cavity and the bladder may have application for the manage...

Authors: S. Laroumagne, J. Guinde, S. Berdah, H. Dutau, J. Capel and P. Astoul

The sputum microbiome is distinct between COPD and health, independent of smoking history

Airway bacterial dysbiosis is a feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there is limited comparative data of the lung microbiome between healthy smokers, non-smokers and COPD.

Authors: Koirobi Haldar, Leena George, Zhang Wang, Vijay Mistry, Mohammadali Yavari Ramsheh, Robert C. Free, Catherine John, Nicola F. Reeve, Bruce E. Miller, Ruth Tal-Singer, Adam J. Webb, Anthony J. Brookes, Martin D. Tobin, Dave Singh, Gavin C. Donaldson, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha…

SARS-CoV-2 induces transcriptional signatures in human lung epithelial cells that promote lung fibrosis

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2-induced coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease that affects > 2.8 million people worldwide, with numbers increasing dramatically daily. However...

Authors: Jincheng Xu, Xiaoyue Xu, Lina Jiang, Kamal Dua, Philip M. Hansbro and Gang Liu

Nasal microbiota dominated by Moraxella spp. is associated with respiratory health in the elderly population: a case control study

The elderly (≥65 years) are one of the populations most at risk for respiratory tract infections (RTIs). The aim of this study was to determine whether nasal and/or oropharyngeal microbiota profiles are associ...

Authors: Ellen H. A. van den Munckhof, Harriet C. Hafkamp, Josephine de Kluijver, Ed J. Kuijper, Maurits N. C. de Koning, Wim G. V. Quint and Cornelis W. Knetsch

Relationship of chest CT score with clinical characteristics of 108 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China

In December 2019, the outbreak of a disease subsequently termed COVID-19 occurred in Wuhan, China. The number of cases increased rapidly and spread to six continents. However, there is limited information on t...

Authors: Jie Zhang, Guangping Meng, Wei Li, Bingqing Shi, Hongna Dong, Zhenzhong Su, Qian Huang and Peng Gao