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  1. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are effective maintenance treatments for childhood asthma; however, many children remain uncontrolled. Vilanterol (VI) is an inhaled long-acting beta-2 agonist which, in combinati...

    Authors: Amanda J. Oliver, Ronina A. Covar, Caroline H. Goldfrad, Ryan M. Klein, Søren E. Pedersen, Christine A. Sorkness, Susan A. Tomkins, César Villarán and Jonathan Grigg
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:37
  2. In human lung fibrotic lesions, fibroblasts were shown to be closely associated with immature dendritic cell (DC) accumulation. The aim of the present pilot study was to characterize the role of pulmonary fibr...

    Authors: Olivia Freynet, Joëlle Marchal-Sommé, Francette Jean-Louis, Arnaud Mailleux, Bruno Crestani, Paul Soler and Laurence Michel
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:36
  3. β-(1,3)-Glucan is present in mould cell walls and frequently detected in house dust mite (HDM) faeces. β-Glucan exposure is thought to be associated with pulmonary allergic inflammation in mouse and man, altho...

    Authors: Sabelo Hadebe, Frank Kirstein, Kaat Fierens, Pierre Redelinghuys, Graeme I. Murray, David L. Williams, Bart N. Lambrecht, Frank Brombacher and Gordon D. Brown
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:35
  4. Circulating free light chains (FLCs) can alter neutrophil migration, apoptosis and activation and may be a biomarker of autoimmune disease and adaptive immune system activation. These pathogenic roles could be...

    Authors: Judith A. Hampson, Robert A. Stockley and Alice M. Turner
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:34
  5. In the pulmonary circulation, there is a linear relationship between systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP) and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP). The aim of this study was to determine the passive ...

    Authors: Frédéric Vanden Eynden, Judith Racapé, Jame Vincent, Jean-Luc Vachiéry, Thierry Bové and Guido Van Nooten
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:33
  6. In this pilot study, we examined associations between local interleukin (IL)-26, disease severity and biomarkers of Th2-mediated inflammation in a well-defined cohort of pediatric patients (14 years median age...

    Authors: Jon R. Konradsen, Björn Nordlund, Bettina Levänen, Gunilla Hedlin and Anders Linden
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:32
  7. Recent studies suggest that YKL-40, also called chitinase-3-like-1 protein, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. It is currently unknown, however, whether YKL-40 plays a ro...

    Authors: Tianwen Lai, Dong Wu, Min Chen, Chao Cao, Zhiliang Jing, Li Huang, Yingying Lv, Xuanna Zhao, Quanchao Lv, Yajun Wang, Dongming Li, Bin Wu and Huahao Shen
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:31
  8. We have recently reported that protein phosphate 2A (PP2A) inactivation resulted in increased phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) and glucocorticoid ...

    Authors: Yoshiki Kobayashi, Kazuhiro Ito, Akira Kanda, Koich Tomoda, Anna Miller-Larsson, Peter J. Barnes and Nicolas Mercado
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:30
  9. Quilizumab, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody, targets the M1-prime segment of membrane-expressed IgE, leading to depletion of IgE-switched and memory B cells. In patients with mild asthma, quilizumab reduc...

    Authors: Jeffrey M. Harris, Romeo Maciuca, Mary S. Bradley, Christopher R. Cabanski, Heleen Scheerens, Jeremy Lim, Fang Cai, Mona Kishnani, X. Charlene Liao, Divya Samineni, Rui Zhu, Colette Cochran, Weily Soong, Joseph D. Diaz, Patrick Perin, Miguel Tsukayama…
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:29
  10. Type 2 helper T-cell cytokines including IL-13 play a central role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (BA). During the course of our research, our attention was drawn to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) as o...

    Authors: Taichi Shiobara, Kazuyuki Chibana, Taiji Watanabe, Ryo Arai, Yukiko Horigane, Yusuke Nakamura, Yumeko Hayashi, Yasuo Shimizu, Akihiro Takemasa and Yoshiki Ishii
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:28
  11. Several small studies found night-time awakenings due to COPD symptoms were associated with decreased health status. In this study, night-time awakenings in patients with COPD were examined and effects of tiot...

    Authors: Peter M. A. Calverley, Stephen I. Rennard, Emmanuelle Clerisme-Beaty, Norbert Metzdorf, Valentina Bayer Zubek and Richard ZuWallack
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:27
  12. Several epidemiological and laboratory studies have evidenced the fact that atmospheric particulate matter (PM) increases the risk of respiratory morbidity. It is well known that the smallest fraction of PM (P...

    Authors: Ágnes Filep, Gergely H. Fodor, Fruzsina Kun-Szabó, László Tiszlavicz, Zsolt Rázga, Gábor Bozsó, Zoltán Bozóki, Gábor Szabó and Ferenc Peták
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:26
  13. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) have been identified in airway epithelium, and epithelium-derived chemokines can initiate the migration of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. However, the mAChRs that...

    Authors: Juan-Juan Lu, Guang-Ni Xu, Ping Yu, Yun Song, Xiao-Lin Wang, Liang Zhu, Hong-Zhuan Chen and Yong-Yao Cui
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:25
  14. Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by dermatologic lesions, pulmonary manifestations, and renal tumors. The syndrome arises from germline mutations in the folliculin (F...

    Authors: Kate Skolnik, Willis H. Tsai, Kimberly Dornan, Renée Perrier, Paul W. Burrowes and Warren J. Davidson
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:22
  15. Chemokine CXC ligand 13 (CXCL13) has been implicated in perivascular inflammation and pulmonary vascular remodeling in patients with idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH). We wondered whether CXCL13 ...

    Authors: Karen M. Olsson, Sandra Olle, Jan Fuge, Tobias Welte, Marius M. Hoeper, Christian Lerch, Lavinia Maegel, Hermann Haller, Danny Jonigk and Lena Schiffer
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:21
  16. Pulmonary fibrosis has high rates of mortality and morbidity; however, no effective pharmacological therapy has been established. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a member of the natriuretic peptide family, s...

    Authors: Toru Kimura, Takashi Nojiri, Jun Hino, Hiroshi Hosoda, Koichi Miura, Yasushi Shintani, Masayoshi Inoue, Masahiro Zenitani, Hiroyuki Takabatake, Mikiya Miyazato, Meinoshin Okumura and Kenji Kangawa
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:19

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Respiratory Research 2016 17:113

  17. Effects of roflumilast on lung function, symptoms, acute exacerbation and adverse events in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are controversial. We aimed to further clarify the efficac...

    Authors: Jian Luo, Ke Wang, Dan Liu, Bin-Miao Liang and Chun-Tao Liu
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:18
  18. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressively fatal disease. Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer (EMMPRIN) is a glycosylated transmembrane protein that induces the expression of som...

    Authors: Nadia A. Hasaneen, Jian Cao, Ashleigh Pulkoski-Gross, Stanley Zucker and Hussein D. Foda
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:17
  19. Nocturnal heart block often occurs in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). It is more likely to be undiagnosed in heart block patients who are ignorant of the symptoms of sleep disorder. Berlin Questi...

    Authors: Xu Wu, Zilong Liu, Su Chi Chang, Cuiping Fu, Wenjing Li, Hong Jiang, Liyan Jiang and Shanqun Li
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:16
  20. Elevated H2O2 levels are associated with inflammatory diseases and H2O2 exposure is known to disrupt epithelial barrier function, leading to increased permeability and decreased electrical resistance. In normal h...

    Authors: Pedro Ivonnet, Hoshang Unwalla, Matthias Salathe and Gregory E. Conner
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:15
  21. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an incurable lung disease with a poor prognosis. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the key cells in the fibrotic process. Recently two drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib,...

    Authors: Siri T. Lehtonen, Anniina Veijola, Henna Karvonen, Elisa Lappi-Blanco, Raija Sormunen, Saara Korpela, Ulrika Zagai, Magnus C. Sköld and Riitta Kaarteenaho
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:14
  22. The long-acting anticholinergic tiotropium has recently been registered for the treatment of asthma, and its use is associated with a reduction in exacerbation frequency. Anti-inflammatory and anti-remodeling ...

    Authors: Loes E. M. Kistemaker, I. Sophie T. Bos, Mark H. Menzen, Harm Maarsingh, Herman Meurs and Reinoud Gosens
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:13
  23. The editors of Respiratory Research would like to thank all of our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 16 (2015).

    Authors: Jan Lötvall and Reynold A. Panettieri
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:12
  24. Previous studies have reported very different rates of human rhinovirus (HRV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) genome detection in nasal and sputum samples, but not in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bro...

    Authors: Styliani Giannakaki, Lida Politi, Elvira Markella Antonogiannaki, Nick Spanakis, Georgios Arsenis, Vasiliki Filaditaki, Spyridon Zakynthinos, Napoleon Karagiannidis and Athanassios Tsakris
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:11
  25. Allergen-specific immunotherapy represents the only disease-modifying treatment for allergic diseases. We and others have previously demonstrated that intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT), a less time-consuming...

    Authors: Terese Hylander, Olivia Larsson, Ulla Petersson-Westin, Mia Eriksson, Susanna Kumlien Georén, Ola Winqvist and Lars-Olaf Cardell
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:10
  26. CD8 lymphocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Corticosteroids and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors are anti-inflammatory drugs used for COPD treatment. Little is known of the combine...

    Authors: Seamus Grundy, Jonathan Plumb, Manminder Kaur, David Ray and Dave Singh
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:9
  27. The aims of this study were to characterize clinical features of a pediatric African-American cystic fibrosis (CF) patient heterozygous for F508del and a novel c.3623G > A mutation, and to identify the molecul...

    Authors: Xiaoying Zhang, Jaspal S. Hothi, Yanhui H. Zhang, Saumini Srinivasan, Dennis C. Stokes and Weiqiang Zhang
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:8
  28. Small airway remodeling is an important cause of the airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A large population of patients with COPD also have pulmonary hypertension. Krüppel-like ...

    Authors: Kyoko Abe, Hisatoshi Sugiura, Yuichiro Hashimoto, Tomohiro Ichikawa, Akira Koarai, Mitsuhiro Yamada, Tadahisa Numakura, Katsuhiro Onodera, Rie Tanaka, Kei Sato, Satoru Yanagisawa, Tatsuma Okazaki, Tsutomu Tamada, Toshiaki Kikuchi and Masakazu Ichinose
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:7
  29. Although corticosteroid is a powerful anti-inflammatory drug that is used widely to control asthma, still severe asthmatics can develop steroid resistance. Airway fibroblasts are quite resistant to steroids du...

    Authors: Rabih Halwani, Asma Sultana, Roua Al-Kufaidy, Amer Jamhawi, Alejandro Vazquez-Tello and Saleh Al-Muhsen
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:6
  30. The alarmin cytokines IL-25 and IL-33 are key promoters of type 2 inflammation. Basophils respond to alarmin cytokines, however the relationship of these cytokines with basophil activation and recruitment in h...

    Authors: Brittany M. Salter, John Paul Oliveria, Graeme Nusca, Steve G. Smith, Damian Tworek, Patrick D. Mitchell, Rick M. Watson, Roma Sehmi and Gail M. Gauvreau
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:5
  31. BMAL1 is a transcriptional activator of the molecular clock feedback network. Besides its role in generating circadian rhythms, it has also been shown to be involved in the modulation of cell proliferation, au...

    Authors: Chunmin Dong, Rafael Gongora, Meredith L. Sosulski, Fayong Luo and Cecilia G. Sanchez
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:4
  32. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are investigated for their potential to reduce inflammation and to repair damaged tissue. Inflammation and tissue damage are hallmarks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ...

    Authors: Winifred Broekman, Gimano D. Amatngalim, Yvonne de Mooij-Eijk, Jaap Oostendorp, Helene Roelofs, Christian Taube, Jan Stolk and Pieter S. Hiemstra
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:3
  33. COPD patients have a higher risk of pneumonia when treated with fluticasone propionate (FP) than with placebo, and a lower risk with budesonide (BUD). We hypothesized that BUD and FP differentially affect the ...

    Authors: I. H. Heijink, M. R. Jonker, M. de Vries, A. J. M. van Oosterhout, E. Telenga, N. H. T. ten Hacken, D. S. Postma and M. van den Berge
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:2
  34. Previous studies of healthcare utilization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have focused on time-trends in COPD visits or COPD treatments, or the effect of hospital volume on mortality. Few dat...

    Authors: Jasvinder A. Singh and Shaohua Yu
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2016 17:1
  35. Although reduced function of the respiratory system limits peak oxygen uptake in diseases affecting the lungs or airways, the healthy respiratory system is thought to have a spare capacity for oxygen transport...

    Authors: Erlend Hassel, Dorthe Stensvold, Thomas Halvorsen, Ulrik Wisløff, Arnulf Langhammer and Sigurd Steinshamn
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:156
  36. Salbutamol abuse detection by athletes is based on a urinary upper threshold defined by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). However, this threshold was determined in healthy, untrained individuals and after a...

    Authors: Fabien Pillard, Michel Lavit, Valérie Lauwers Cances, Jacques Rami, Georges Houin, Alain Didier and Daniel Rivière
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:155
  37. Macrophages constitute a heterogeneous cell population with pro- (MΦ1) and anti-inflammatory (MΦ2) cells. The soluble chitinase-like-protein YKL-40 is expressed in macrophages and various other cell types, and...

    Authors: L. I. Z. Kunz, E. F. A. van’t Wout, A. van Schadewijk, D. S. Postma, H. A. M. Kerstjens, P. J. Sterk and P. S. Hiemstra
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:154
  38. The Ca2+-binding protein calretinin is currently used as a positive marker for identifying epithelioid malignant mesothelioma (MM) and reactive mesothelium, but calretinin’s likely role in mesotheliomagenesis rem...

    Authors: Walter Blum, László Pecze, Emanuela Felley-Bosco and Beat Schwaller
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:153
  39. Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) is a worldwide health problem and it is considered a risk factor for pregnant women’s and children’s health, particularly for respiratory morbidity during the first year of life. F...

    Authors: Marcello Lanari, Silvia Vandini, Fulvio Adorni, Federica Prinelli, Simona Di Santo, Michela Silvestri and Massimo Musicco
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:152
  40. Creating an easy-to-use instrument to identify predictors of short-term (30/60-day) mortality after an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (eCOPD) could help clinicians choose specific measur...

    Authors: Cristóbal Esteban, Inmaculada Arostegui, Susana Garcia-Gutierrez, Nerea Gonzalez, Iratxe Lafuente, Marisa Bare, Nerea Fernandez de Larrea, Francisco Rivas and José M. Quintana
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:151
  41. Functional deficiency of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We hypothesized that specific MBL2 gene polymorphisms and circulating MBL prot...

    Authors: Jyotshna Mandal, Bijaya Malla, Rudi Steffensen, Luigi Costa, Adrian Egli, Marten Trendelenburg, Francesco Blasi, Kostantinos Kostikas, Tobias Welte, Antoni Torres, Renaud Louis, Wim Boersma, Branislava Milenkovic, Joachim Aerts, Gernot G. U. Rohde, Alicia Lacoma…
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:150
  42. Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a bioactive eicosanoid, has been implicated in many biological processes including reproduction, inflammation and tumor growth. We previously showed that PGE2 sti...

    Authors: Yu Fan, Ye Wang and Ke Wang
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:149
  43. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Although the pathogenesis of SSc-ILD is not well understood, neutrophils may play a pivotal role in ...

    Authors: Noriho Sakamoto, Tomoyuki Kakugawa, Atsuko Hara, Shota Nakashima, Hirokazu Yura, Tatsuhiko Harada, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Kazuhiro Yatera, Yutaka Kuwatsuka, Toshihide Hara, Kunihiro Ichinose, Yasushi Obase, Yuji Ishimatsu, Shigeru Kohno and Hiroshi Mukae
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:148
  44. Up to 30 % of adults with severe asthma are hypersensitive to aspirin and no unambiguous theory exists which provides a satisfactory explanation for the occurrence of aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) in some asthm...

    Authors: Joanna Wieczfinska, Dorota Kacprzak, Karolina Pospiech, Milena Sokolowska, Magdalena Nowakowska, Ewa Pniewska, Andrzej Bednarek, Izabela Kuprys–Lipinska, Piotr Kuna and Rafal Pawliczak
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:147
  45. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are an important mediators in inflammation and leukocyte trafficking. However, their roles in pulmonary emphysema have not been explored.

    Authors: Yoshiro Kai, Koichi Tomoda, Hiroyuki Yoneyama, Masanori Yoshikawa and Hiroshi Kimura
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:146
  46. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung diseases generally cause chronic disease in immunocompetent hosts. Although a few studies have examined health-related quality of life (HRQL) in ...

    Authors: Takanori Asakura, Yohei Funatsu, Makoto Ishii, Ho Namkoong, Kazuma Yagi, Shoji Suzuki, Takahiro Asami, Tetsuro Kamo, Hiroshi Fujiwara, Yoshifumi Uwamino, Tomoyasu Nishimura, Sadatomo Tasaka, Tomoko Betsuyaku and Naoki Hasegawa
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:145
  47. Inflammatory respiratory diseases are amongst major global health challenges. Lung fibroblasts have been shown to play a key role in lung inflammatory responses. However, their exact role in initiation and mai...

    Authors: Su Su Htwe, Helen Harrington, Alan Knox, Felicity Rose, Jonathan Aylott, John W. Haycock and Amir M Ghaemmaghami
    Citation: Respiratory Research 2015 16:144

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