Table 1 Characteristics of participants from 41 sites of the BOLD I (Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease) study with good quality spirometry measuring spirometric SAO and information on comorbidity, symptoms and QoL
BOLD Centre | n | M n (%) | Age, yr (mean, SD) | BMI (mean, SD) | Never smoked n (%) | CVD n (%) | Hypertension n (%) | Diabetes n (%) | Dyspnoea n (%) | Chronic cough n (%) | Chronic phlegm n (%) | Wheeze n (%) | Physical SF-12 (mean, SD) | Mental SF-12 (mean, SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albania (Tirana) | 832 | 416 (50%) | 53.9 (10.6) | 27.6 (4.2) | 532 (64%) | 17 (2%) | 166 (20%) | 58 (7%) | 75 (9%) | 75 (9%) | 17 (2%) | 33 (4%) | 52.0 (6.3) | 51.3 (5.7) |
Algeria (Annaba) | 802 | 401 (50%) | 52.2 (10.0) | 28.3 (5.6) | 489 (61%) | 48 (6%) | 176 (22%) | 112 (14%) | 104 (13%) | 24 (3%) | 16 (2%) | 112 (14%) | 50.1 (8.4) | 49.3 (7.2) |
Australia (Sydney) | 387 | 186 (48%) | 58.4 (12.1) | 27.7 (4.9) | 190 (49%) | 46 (12%) | 120 (31%) | 31 (8%) | 27 (7%) | 23 (6%) | 19 (5%) | 89 (23%) | 48.9 (7.6) | 51.5 (9.4) |
Austria (Salzburg) | 887 | 497 (56%) | 57.0 (11.3) | 26.3 (3.9) | 408 (46%) | 115 (13%) | 275 (31%) | 53 (6%) | 62 (7%) | 44 (5%) | 80 (9%) | 124 (14%) | 50.8 (7.1) | 54.4 (8.7) |
Benin (Sémé-Kpodji) | 488 | 224 (46%) | 51.1 (9.6) | 26.1 (5.3) | 478 (98%) | 15 (3%) | 122 (25%) | 10 (2%) | 5 (1%) | 5 (1%) | 15 (3%) | 5 (1%) | – | – |
Cameroon (Limbe) | 249 | 147 (59%) | 51.8 (9.4) | 26.6 (5.4) | 192 (77%) | 0 (0%) | 27 (11%) | 7 (3%) | 15 (6%) | 5 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (5%) | – | – |
Canada (Vancouver) | 594 | 226 (38%) | 55.3 (11.5) | 26.5 (5.2) | 255 (43%) | 77 (13%) | 107 (18%) | 42 (7%) | 48 (8%) | 71 (12%) | 65 (11%) | 149 (25%) | 51.6 (9.1) | 50.7 (9.6) |
China (Guangzhou) | 295 | 156 (53%) | 54.4 (10.0) | 23.5 (3.2) | 150 (51%) | 27 (9%) | 50 (17%) | 6 (2%) | 12 (4%) | 27 (9%) | 24 (8%) | 6 (2%) | 42.1 (7.7) | 40.1 (7.2) |
England (London) | 539 | 253 (47%) | 58.1 (11.3) | 27.0 (4.7) | 183 (34%) | 43 (8%) | 178 (33%) | 38 (7%) | 75 (14%) | 70 (13%) | 70 (13%) | 205 (38%) | 50.0 (9.4) | 50.0 (11.0) |
Estonia (Tartu) | 545 | 262 (48%) | 59.7 (11.6) | 28.3 (5.3) | 294 (54%) | 185 (34%) | 202 (37%) | 33 (6%) | 71 (13%) | 38 (7%) | 44 (8%) | 114 (21%) | 47.1 (9.0) | 52.3 (8.6) |
Germany (Hannover) | 414 | 224 (54%) | 57.2 (10.7) | 26.8 (4.3) | 161 (39%) | 58 (14%) | 137 (33%) | 21 (5%) | 17 (4%) | 37 (9%) | 29 (7%) | 58 (14%) | 48.7 (8.2) | 56.1 (7.5) |
Iceland (Reykjavik) | 552 | 298 (54%) | 56.1 (11.3) | 27.7 (16.6) | 182 (33%) | 88 (16%) | 177 (32%) | 22 (4%) | 44 (8%) | 61 (11%) | 50 (95) | 127 (23%) | 50.6 (7.8) | 53.6 (8.8) |
India Mumbai | 315 | 208 (66%) | 51.0 (8.9) | 23.9 (4.0) | 280 (89%) | 6 (2%) | 28 (9%) | 19 (6%) | 25 (8%) | 3 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 9 (3%) | 53.1 (6.3) | 58.5 (6.4) |
India (Mysore) | 531 | 228 (43%) | 46.3 (6.8) | 24.6 (3.6) | 483 (91%) | 0 (0%) | 90 (17%) | 85 (16%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (1%) | 11 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 53.3 (4.1) | 58.3 (7.2) |
India (Pune) | 732 | 439 (60%) | 52.2 (9.7) | 22.1 (3.9) | 637 (87%) | 15 (2%) | 37 (5%) | 15 (2%) | 44 (6%) | 15 (2%) | 7 (1%) | 29 (4%) | 50.2 (6.4) | 49.3 (7.3) |
India (Kashmir) | 677 | 366 (54%) | 51.2 (10.3) | 22.4 (3.6) | 325 (48%) | 7 (1%) | 183 (27%) | 20 (3%) | 34 (5%) | 41 (6%) | 41 (6%) | 20 (3%) | 51.4 (6.6) | 51.7 (6.3) |
Jamaica | 459 | 202 (44%) | 55.1 (11.2) | 27.5 (6.5) | 280 (61%) | 9 (2%) | 129 (28%) | 46 (10%) | 60 (13%) | 23 (5%) | 18 (4%) | 73 (16%) | – | – |
Kyrgyzstan (Chui) | 738 | 251 (34%) | 52.5 (8.5) | 28.0 (5.3) | 450 (61%) | 103 (14%) | 177 (24%) | 37 (5%) | 118 (16%) | 111 (15%) | 74 (10%) | 103 (14%) | – | – |
Kyrgyzstan (Naryn) | 755 | 294 (39%) | 52.8 (9.6) | 26.8 (4.8) | 521 (69%) | 83 (11%) | 106 (14%) | 8 (1%) | 128 (17%) | 68 (9%) | 53 (7%) | 98 (13%) | – | – |
Malawi (Blantyre) | 331 | 132 (40%) | 51.8 (9.6) | 24.7 (5.1) | 275 (83%) | 10 (3%) | 53 (16%) | 20 (6%) | 7 (2%) | 7 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 17 (5%) | 53.7 (4.2) | 53.5 (8.5) |
Malawi (Chikwawa) | 366 | 194 (53%) | 53.1 (10.1) | 21.7 (3.8) | 260 (71%) | 4 (1%) | 7 (2%) | 4 (1%) | 4 (1%) | 4 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 11 (3%) | 52.1 (4.1) | 55.9 (8.1) |
Malaysia (Penang) | 616 | 308 (50%) | 54.4 (9.5) | 26.1 (4.6) | 462 (75%) | 18 (3%) | 154 (25%) | 80 (13%) | 62 (10%) | 25 (4%) | 25 (4%) | 37 (6%) | – | – |
Morocco (Fes) | 429 | 240 (56%) | 53.9 (9.9) | 27.3 (4.9) | 279 (65%) | 13 (3%) | 94 (22%) | 43 (10%) | 69 (16%) | 26 (6%) | 26 (6%) | 39 (9%) | 50.0 (9.1) | 42.3 (8.4) |
Netherlands (Maastricht) | 538 | 274 (51%) | 57.2 (10.5) | 27.5 (4.5) | 194 (36%) | 91 (17%) | 156 (29%) | 38 (7%) | 54 (10%) | 27 (5%) | 16 (3%) | 102 (19%) | 50.6 (8.6) | 53.3 (9.5) |
Nigeria (Ife) | 793 | 317 (40%) | 54.6 (11.6) | 25.3 (5.3) | 674 (85%) | 0 (0%) | 16 (2%) | 8 (1%) | 24 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 16 (2%) | 45.1 (8.5) | 50.0 (9.9) |
Norway (Bergen) | 447 | 215 (48%) | 58.3 (12.2) | 26.3 (4.2) | 148 (33%) | 54 (12%) | 112 (25%) | 18 (4%) | 22 (5%) | 31 (7%) | 40 (9%) | 98 (22%) | 50.3 (9.0) | 54.4 (9.1) |
Pakistan (Karachi) | 311 | 162 (52%) | 51.0 (9.0) | 26.4 (5.9) | 215 (69%) | 9 (3%) | 65 (21%) | 31 (10%) | 84 (27%) | 28 (9%) | 31 (10%) | 28 (9%) | – | – |
Philippines (Manila) | 651 | 267 (41%) | 52.1 (10.1) | 24.9 (4.7) | 286 (44%) | 59 (9%) | 150 (23%) | 26 (4%) | 150 (23%) | 39 (6%) | 78 (12%) | 111 (17%) | 46.8 (7.4) | 53.6 (9.2) |
Philippines (Nampicuan-Talugtug) | 638 | 319 (50%) | 54.0 (10.4) | 21.5 (4.0) | 287 (45%) | 57 (9%) | 134 (21%) | 13 (2%) | 172 (27%) | 51 (8%) | 70 (11%) | 191 (30%) | 46.4 (7.1) | 50.5 (7.2) |
Poland (Krakow) | 336 | 171 (51%) | 54.2 (10.6) | 27.6 (4.8) | 124 (37%) | 101 (30%) | 134 (40%) | 37 (11%) | 87 (26%) | 27 (8%) | 24 (7%) | 94 (28%) | 43.7 (11.0) | 47.7 (10.1) |
Portugal (Lisbon) | 548 | 263 (48%) | 62.2 (11.3) | 28.0 (4.5) | 307 (56%) | 55 (10%) | 159 (29%) | 49 (9%) | 71 (13%) | 55 (10%) | 55 (10%) | 132 (24%) | 48.9 (8.9) | 50.0 (11.6) |
Saudi Arabia (Riyadh) | 576 | 323 (56%) | 49.3 (7.3) | 30.9 (5.8) | 420 (73%) | 29 (5%) | 138 (24%) | 156 (27%) | 132 (23%) | 63 (11%) | 69 (12%) | 225 (39%) | 48.7 (8.5) | 50.2 (8.8) |
South Africa (Uitsig and Ravensmead) | 505 | 187 (37%) | 53.2 (9.7) | 28.0 (7.8) | 162 (32%) | 51 (10%) | 172 (34%) | 56 (11%) | 141 (28%) | 51 (10%) | 71 (14%) | 136 (27%) | 46.9 (9.1) | 49.0 (10.2) |
Sri Lanka (Colombo) | 718 | 337 (47%) | 53.1 (9.1) | 24.4 (4.7) | 539 (75%) | 36 (5%) | 144 (20%) | 101 (14%) | 194 (27%) | 43 (6%) | 57 (8%) | 194 (27%) | – | – |
Sudan (Gezeira) | 277 | 172 (62%) | 52.4 (9.3) | 26.7 (17.3) | 199 (72%) | 0 (0%) | 25 (9%) | 17 (6%) | 22 (8%) | 6 (2%) | 8 (3%) | 36 (13%) | 47.4 (7.2) | 54.5 (9.0) |
Sudan (Khartoum) | 367 | 209 (57%) | 53.5 (10.5) | 26.6 (6.9) | 294 (80%) | 7 (2%) | 77 (21%) | 29 (8%) | 26 (7%) | 11 (3%) | 11 (3%) | 22 (6%) | 48.9 (7.6) | 48.2 (9.4) |
Sweden (Uppsala) | 393 | 204 (52%) | 57.8 (10.9) | 26.7 (4.2) | 157 (40%) | 43 (11%) | 98 (25%) | 12 (3%) | 20 (5%) | 28 (7%) | 39 (10%) | 90 (23%) | 49.2 (6.3) | 43.5 (6.8) |
Trinidad & Tobago (Port of Spain) | 815 | 334 (41%) | 53.3 (10.2) | 28.9 (10.5) | 579 (71%) | 41 (5%) | 212 (26%) | 114 (14%) | 65 (8%) | 57 (7%) | 24 (3%) | 82 (10%) | 48.8 (6.2) | 55.2 (8.6) |
Tunisia (Sousse) | 422 | 245 (58%) | 51.6 (9.0) | 28.1 (5.3) | 198 (47%) | 17 (4%) | 59 (14%) | 30 (7%) | 63 (15%) | 34 (8%) | 51 (12%) | 84 (20%) | 47.6 (8.6) | 50.3 (9.9) |
Turkey (Adana) | 414 | 215 (52%) | 52.0 (9.4) | 29.0 (5.1) | 174 (42%) | 41 (10%) | 87 (21%) | 29 (7%) | 83 (20%) | 29 (7%) | 33 (8%) | 137 (33%) | 43.5 (8.2) | 33.7 (7.7) |
USA (Lexington) | 312 | 122 (39%) | 55.2 (9.7) | 30.3 (6.7) | 115 (37%) | 72 (23%) | 137 (44%) | 41 (13%) | 56 (18%) | 53 (17%) | 44 (14%) | 134 (43%) | 46.0 (11.0) | 50.2 (11.0) |