Parameters | All patients (n = 326) | SPS-absent group (n = 192) | SPS-present group (n = 134) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 59.2 ± 13.1 | 58.7 ± 13.3 | 59.9 ± 12.9 | 0.430 |
Sex | 0.001 | |||
Female | 95 (29.1%) | 43 (22.4%) | 52 (38.8%) | |
Male | 231 (70.9%) | 149 (77.6%) | 82 (61.2%) | |
Duration of hemoptysis (months) | < 0.001 | |||
> 6 | 122 (37.4%) | 55 (28.6%) | 67 (50%) | |
≤ 6 | 204 (62.6%) | 137 (71.4%) | 67 (50%) | |
Underlying lung disease | < 0.001 | |||
Bronchiectasis | 175 (53.7%) | 93 (48.4%) | 82 (61.2%) | |
Tuberculosis sequela | 88 (27.0%) | 43 (22.4%) | 45 (33.6%) | |
Chronic pneumonia | 37 (11.3%) | 32 (16.7%) | 5 (3.7%) | |
Cryptogenic hemoptysis | 26 (8.0%) | 24 (12.5%) | 2 (1.5%) | |
Volume of hemoptysis (ml/d) | 0.255 | |||
< 100 | 127 (39.0%) | 79 (41.1%) | 48 (35.8%) | |
100–300 | 135 (41.4%) | 81 (42.2%) | 54 (40.3%) | |
≥ 300 | 64 (19.6%) | 32 (16.7%) | 32 (23.9%) | |
Smoking | 102 (29.1%) | 65 (33.9%) | 37 (27.6%) | 0.232 |
Hypertension | 93 (28.5%) | 58 (30.2%) | 35 (26.1%) | 0.421 |
Disease extent (number of affected lobes) | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 1.9 ± 1.2 | 2.5 ± 1.1 | < 0.001 |
Presence of pleural thickening | 182 (55.8%) | 82 (42.7%) | 100 (74.6%) | < 0.001 |
Lung destruction | 21 (6.4%) | 5 (2.6%) | 16 (11.9%) | 0.001 |
Number of culprit bronchial arteries | 2.3 ± 1.0 | 2.2 ± 1.0 | 2.3 ± 1.0 | 0.677 |
Diameter of culprit bronchial arteries (mm) | 2.8 ± 1.1 | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 3.1 ± 1.2 | < 0.001 |
Presence of culprit NBSAs | 82 (25.2%) | 25 (13.0%) | 57 (42.5%) | < 0.001 |
Embolization materials | 0.273 | |||
PVA | 261 (80.0%) | 148 (77.1%) | 113 (84.3%) | |
Microsphere | 56 (17.2%) | 38 (19.8%) | 18 (13.5%) | |
Gelatin sponge | 9 (2.8%) | 6 (3.1%) | 3 (2.2%) |