Table 1 List of TAA

New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-1 (NYESO-1)^a,b

A human tumor antigen expressed in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma

Melanoma-associated antigen A3 (MAGE-A3)^a,b

Tumor antigens encoded by MAGE-A genes. Expressed in various tumor types but not in normal cells, except male germline cells or placenta

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)^a

A mitogenic molecule for many lung cell types. GRP peptides bind to specific surface receptors and initiate a complex cascade of signaling events (including MAPK and EGFR involvement) that culminates in the stimulation of DNA synthesis and cancer cell division

Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)^a,b

A transmembrane glycoprotein and member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family. HER2 deregulation, including overexpression, amplification, and mutation, has been described in NSCLC

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE)^a

A dimeric isoform of the glycolytic enzyme enolase found mainly in neurons. A well-known marker of small cell lung cancer and for NSCLC

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)

A mitogen that induces non-specific activation of T/B immune cells