Variables | Impaired PFTs (n = 248) | Impaired KCO(%) (n = 69) | Impaired FEV1(%) (n = 37) | Normal PFTs (n = 95) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 58.7 (10.7) | 55.2 (13.4) | 56.2 (12.4) | 45.2 (14.9) | < 0.001cef |
Sex, male (%) | 145 (58.5) | 33 (47.8) | 25 (67.6) | 43 (45.3) | 0.035 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.1 (5.0) | 25.8 (4.5) | 28 (5.2) | 26.1 (4.6) | 0.105 |
Smokers (%) | 4 (1.6) | 2 (2.9) | 1 (2.7) | 2 (2.1) | 0.903 |
Ex-smokers (%) | 193 (77.8) | 28 (40.6) | 22 (59.5) | 23 (24.2) | < 0.001acf |
Never smokers (%) | 51 (20.6) | 39 (56.5) | 14 (37.8) | 70 (73.7) | < 0.001acf |
Tobacco Exposure (Pack-years) | 21 (14.8) | 12.7 (10.8) | 14 (10.2) | 6.9 (7.6) | < 0.001ac |
Working status | |||||
Active | 107 (43.1) | 40 (58) | 20 (54.1) | 74 (77.9) | < 0.001cef |
Retired | 121 (48.8) | 23 (33.3) | 16 (43.2) | 12 (12.6) | < 0.001cef |
Unemployed | 14 (5.6) | 2 (2.9) | 1 (2.7) | 2 (2.1) | 0.424 |
Other | 6 (2.4) | 4 (5.9) | 0 (0) | 7 (7.4) | 0.077 |
Age at diagnosis of AATD | 48.4 (12.8) | 45.7 (18.3) | 47.1 (12.7) | 31.4 (22.5) | < 0.001cef |
Reasons for diagnosis | |||||
Index case (%) | 202 (81.5) | 40 (58.0) | 24 (64.9) | 48 (51.1) | < 0.001ac |
Family screening (%) | 24 (9.7) | 19 (27.5) | 6 (16.2) | 30 (31.6) | < 0.001ac |
Clinical characteristics | |||||
Chronic respiratory disease (%) | 247 (99.6) | 48 (70.6) | 32 (86.5) | 43 (45.7) | < 0.001abcef |
COPD (%) | 214 (83.3) | 19 (27.9) | 25 (67.6) | 5 (5.3) | < 0.001abcdef |
Emphysema (%) | 203 (81.9) | 30 (44.1) | 27 (73.0) | 10 (10.6) | < 0.001acdef |
Bronchiectasis (%) | 45 (18.1) | 23 (33.8) | 15 (40.5) | 18 (19.1) | 0.002ab |
Asthma (%) | 27 (10.9) | 8 (11.8) | 9 (24.3) | 19 (20.2) | 0.036 |
Liver disease (%) | 35 (14.5) | 18 (26.1) | 5 (13.5) | 19 (20.2) | 0.113 |
Charlson index (age corrected) | 4 (1.9) | 2.8 (1.9) | 2.9 (1.3) | 1.5 (1.4) | < 0.001acef |
Cardiovascular disease (%) | 80 (32.7) | 13 (18.8) | 10 (27) | 12 (12.6) | 0.001c |
Exacerbations previous year (%) | 103 (41.5) | 13 (18.8) | 12 (32.4) | 8 (8.4) | < 0.001acf |
History of pneumonia (%) | 72 (31.2) | 18 (26.9) | 10 (30.3) | 18 (19.6) | 0.209 |