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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients included in the study

From: Non-invasive respiratory support in SARS-CoV-2 related acute respiratory distress syndrome: when is it most appropriate to start treatment?

Variables

All patients

150 < P/F ≤ 200 (A)

100 < P/F≤ 150 (B)

100 < P/F≤ 200 (A + B)

P/F ≤ 100 (C)

p

      

A vs. B

B vs. C

A + B vs. C

N

128

29

68

97

31

 

Age, median [IQR], y

66,5 [58–73]

65 [54–72]

68 [59–72]

68 [59–72]

66 [58–72]

0.25

0.75

0.95

Sex: Male, n (%)

81 (63.3)

21 (72.4)

42 (61.8)

63 (64.9)

18 (58.1)

0.31

0.82

0.51

CCI, median [IQR]

3 [2–4]

2 [1–4]

3 [2–4]

3 [2–4]

3 [2–4]

0.141

0.28

0.64

Most relevant comorbidities

 COPD, n (%)

22 (17.2)

6 (20.7)

15 (22.1)

21 (21.6)

1 (3.2)

0.88

0.02

0.025

 Diabetes, n (%)

32 (25.0)

6 (20.7)

17 (25.0)

23 (23.7)

9 (29.0)

0.65

0.60

0.49

 Arterial hypertension, n (%)

78 (60.9)

15 (51.7)

47 (69.1)

62 (63.9)

16 (51.6)

0.10

0.13

0.3

 Obesity, n (%)

23 (18.0)

4 (13.8)

10 (14.7)

14 (14.4)

9 (29.0)

0.91

0.13

0.06

 Chronic kidney disease, n (%)

6 (4.7)

1 (3.4)

4 (5.9)

5 (5.1)

1 (3.2)

0.61

1

1

 History of cancer, n (%)

4 (3.1)

1 (3.4)

1 (1.5

2 (2.1)

2 (6.4)

0.51

0.23

0.25

 Ischemic heart disease, n (%)

10 (7.8)

3 (10.3)

5 (7.3)

8 (8.2)

2 (6.4)

0.69

1

1

 Congestive heart failure, n (%)

4 (3.1)

1 (3.4)

2 (2.9)

3 (3.1)

1 (3.2)

1

1

1

Smoking, n (%)

49 (38.3)

10 (34.5)

27 (39.7)

37 (38.1)

12 (38.7)

0.63

0.42

0.95

Duration before admission, median [IQR]

8 (5–10)

8 (3–11)

7 (5–10)

8 (5–10)

8 (5–10)

0.88

0.98

0.99

Arterial blood gases on admission

       

 PaO2, median [IQR], mmHg

66,6 (58.9–76.1)

68 (63.2–77.7)

68.5 (59.9–78.7)

68.05 (60.5–78)

58.6 (52.8–67.5)

0.94

0.82

0.80

 PaCO2, median [IQR], mmHg

33.6 (30.8–38.2)

37 (33.5–39.5)

33 (30–37)

34.05 (31–38.1)

33 (29.8–37.1)

0.35

0.36

0.40

 pH, median [IQR],

7.46 (7.44–7.5)

7.46 (7.45–7.49)

7.46 (7.44–7.51)

7.46 (7.44–7.5)

7.49 (7.47–7.5)

0.96

0.91

0.80

 Lactates, median [IQR], mmol/L

1 (0–1)

0.8 (0.7–1.15)

1.4 (1.05–1.7)

1.2 (0.9–1.6)

1.9 (1.5–2.35)

0.60

0.63

0.79

Blood chemistry tests on admission

       

 WBC, cells/µL

8.04 (5.29–11.06)

5.76 (4.13–10.15)

8.69 (6.35–11.07)

8.21 (5.26–11.06)

9.33 (6.19–10.9)

0.07

0.71

0.27

 Lymphocytes, cells/µL

800 (600–1120)

780 (560–1260)

800 (597–1032)

800 (575–1090)

750 (615–1124)

0.49

0.99

0.85

 CRP, mg/dl

5.3 (2.58–12.8)

9.5 (3.66–13.67)

5.95 (2.38–11.9)

6.5 (2.5–13.25)

4.7 (2.58–8.96)

0.09

0.54

0.27

 PCT, ng/ml

0.1 (0.04–0.27)

0.1 (0.04–0.17)

0.08 (0.03–0.33)

0.09 (0.03–0.24)

0.1 (0.06–0.5)

0.41

0.16

1

 eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2

87 (70–97)

88 (73–97)

83 (71–98)

87.5 (71–98)

85 (69–92)

0.65

0.75

0.60

 D-dimer, µg/L

555 (288–1075)

625 (267–977)

455 (301–955)

465 (285–1012)

815 (300–1420)

0.26

0.19

0.16

 Na, mmol/L

137 (135–139)

136 (136–138)

137 (135–139)

137 (135–139)

137 (135–139)

0.91

0.87

0.87

Radiological imaging on admission

       

 LUS

16 (12–21)

18 (11–22)

16 (14–18)

16 (14–20)

15 (8–18)

0.70

0.29

0.19

 CT severity score

12 (9–13)

11 (9–12)

12 (10–14)

12 (9–13)

11 (8–12)

0.35

0.29

0.41

  1.  Statistically significant values in bold
  2. CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmunary Disease, CRP C-Reactive Protein, CT Computed Tomografy, eGFR esitmated Glomerular Filtration Rate, LUS lung ultrasound score, Na sérum sodium, Pa02 arterial partial pressure of oxygen, PaCO2 arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, PCT Procalcitonin, P/F PaO2/FiO2 rate, WBC White Blood Cells