Table 1 Patient characteristics according to the use of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy
Variables | No HFNC (n = 86) | HFNC (n = 114) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Clinical characteristics | |||
Age (years) | 62 (51–70) | 68 (59–74) | 0.003 |
SAPS-2 score | 65 (42–77) | 41 (31–60) |  < 0.001 |
SOFA score on ICU admission | 9 (4–12) | 5 (4–7) |  < 0.001 |
Male gender, n (%) | 56 (65) | 85 (74) | 0.20 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27 (26–32) | 28 (25–30) | 0.65 |
Obesity, n(%) | 29 (34) | 31 (28) | 0.40 |
Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 28 (32) | 68 (60) | 0.12 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 25 (30) | 40 (34) | 0.54 |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 9 (10) | 19 (17) | 0.30 |
Stroke, n (%) | 7 (8) | 5 (4) | 0.42 |
Chronic respiratory disease, n (%) | 10 (12) | 21 (18) | 0.95 |
Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 11 (13) | 16 (14) | 0.96 |
Cirrhosis, n (%) | 1 (1) | 2 (2) | 1.00 |
Neoplasia, n (%) | 16 (19) | 22 (19) | 1.00 |
Blood type, n (%)* | 0.72 | ||
 A | 35 (42) | 45 (41) |  |
 B | 12 (14) | 16 (14) |  |
 AB | 7 (8) | 5 (5) |  |
 O | 30 (36)+ 36) | 44 (40) |  |
Second pandemic wave, n (%) | 23 (27) | 95 (83) |  < 0.001 |
Nosocomial COVID-19, n (%) | 7 (8) | 9 (8) | 1.00 |
CT-Scan, n (%) | 68 (79) | 102 (89) | 0.06 |
CT-Scan abnormalities (%) | 0.06 | ||
 < 10% | 3 (5) | 3 (3) |  |
 10–25% | 12 (17) | 23 (23) |  |
 25–50% | 22 (33) | 39 (38) |  |
 50–75% | 25 (36) | 30 (29) |  |
 > 75% | 6 (9) | 7 (7) |  |
Norepinephrine, n (%) | 54 (63) | 68 (60) | 0.76 |
Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 22 (26) | 22 (13) | 0.37 |
Biological variables at ICU admission | |||
Lymphocytes (× 109/L) | 0.77 (0.55–1.18) | 0.72 (0.48–1.11) | 0.27 |
Fibrinogen (g/L) | 5.7 (4.8–7.3) | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 0.69 |
D-Dimers (µg/L) | 2308 (1253–6831) | 1180 (642–2227) |  < 0.001 |
Protein C reactive (mg/L) | 136 (43–470) | 130 (72–200) | 0.65 |
Procalcitonin (ng/L) | 0.48 (0.17–1.65) | 0.28 (0.13–0.72) | 0.04 |
Ferritin (ng/mL) | 948 (409–3576) | 1215 (563–4106) | 0.87 |
Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 113 (43–471) | 54 (17–130) |  < 0.001 |
Troponin (ng/L) | 25 (11–155) | 17 (10–57) | 0.59 |