Diagnostic and prognostic value of ventilatory power in pulmonary hypertension

Respiratory Research

Table 4 Univariable and Multivariable Cox Analysis for Long-term Clinical Worsening

Variable	Univariable model			Multivariable model
Variable	HR	95% CI	P-value	HR	95% CI	P-value
Age	1.004	0.995–1.014	0.337
Body mass index	0.959	0.921–0.998	0.041
Sex	0.954	0.710–1.281	0.754
WHO FC	1.466	1.178–1.824	0.001
NT-proBNP^$	1.210	1.090–1.344	< 0.001
6MWD	0.998	0.997–1.000	0.014
PH specific therapy	1.215	0.972–1.519	0.088
Intervention	1.310	0.922–1.861	0.132
RVED/LVED	1.595	1.025–2.481	0.039
EF	0.986	0.963–1.010	0.246
TRV	0.998	0.781–1.276	0.990
S_vO₂	0.959	0.941–0.979	< 0.001	0.955	0.932–0.980	< 0.001
mRAP	1.047	1.016–1.079	0.003
mPAP	1.007	0.997–1.017	0.149
CI	0.730	0.615–0.866	< 0.001
PVR	1.046	1.019–1.074	0.001
FVC	0.995	0.985–1.006	0.367
FEV₁	1.000	0.989–1.011	0.988
FEV₁/FVC	2.633	0.421–16.472	0.301
Workload@Peak	0.993	0.987–0.998	0.008
VO₂@Rest	1.054	0.887–1.253	0.550
VO₂@Peak	0.941	0.904–0.980	0.003
VO₂/HR@Rest	0.927	0.788–1.090	0.359
VO₂/HR@Peak	0.891	0.815–0.975	0.012
SBP@Rest	0.985	0.975–0.995	0.002
SBP@Peak	0.994	0.989–0.998	0.008
DBP@Rest	0.992	0.979–1.005	0.246
DBP@Peak	0.995	0.989–1.001	0.108
P_ETCO₂@Peak	0.962	0.937–0.987	0.004
VE/VCO₂ slope	1.017	1.004–1.030	0.010
Ventilatory power	0.763	0.670–0.869	< 0.001	0.783	0.659–0.930	0.005
Etiology of PH	1.171	0.872–1.571	0.294
Pulmonary diseases	1.118	0.710–1.761	0.629
Newly diagnosed	0.831	0.621–1.112	0.214
Ventilatory power × Etiology of PH*	0.879	0.373–2.073	0.768
Ventilatory power × Pulmonary diseases*	0.995	0.945–1.048	0.854
Ventilatory power × Newly diagnosed*	1.177	0.890–1.556	0.253

@Rest, at rest; @Peak, at peak exercise; CI: cardiac index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EF, ejection fraction; FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: forced vital capacity; HR, heart rate; LA, anteroposterior diameter of left atrium; LV, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; mRAP: mean right atrial pressure; mPAP: mean pulmonary artery pressure; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; PH, pulmonary hypertension; P_ETCO₂, end‐tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; RVED/LVED, the ratio of right ventricular end-diastolic to left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SvO₂, mixed venous oxygen saturation; 6MWD, 6-min walk distance; TRV, tricuspid regurgitation velocity; VE/VCO₂, minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production; VO₂, oxygen uptake; VO₂/HR, oxygen uptake / heart rate; WHO FC, World Health Organization function class; Etiology of PH is a dichotomic variable, which includes chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; ^$for each increase of 1000 ng/L in NT-proBNP. *P for interaction. Significant P values (P < 0.05) are bolded

ISSN: 1465-993X