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Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression to predict the diffusion impairment at 12 months

From: Lung function and radiological findings 1 year after COVID-19: a prospective follow-up

 

Total N

Missing

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

n = 144

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Age, years

283

1

1.02 (1.00–1.04)

0.01

1.04 (1.00–1.07)

0.013

Female sex

284

0

2.53 (1.56–4.14)

0.001

6.22 (2.77–15.04)

0.001

BMI, kg/m2

278

6

0.98 (0.93–1.03)

0.48

0.91 (0.84–0.99)

0.036

Smoker

283

1

1.48 (0.91–2.43)

0.11

N/A

N/A

Pulmonary disease

284

0

0.66 (0.34–1.25)

0.21

N/A

N/A

Hypertension

284

0

1.02 (0.63–1.66)

0.91

N/A

N/A

Diabetes

284

0

1.08 (0.54–2.11)

0.81

N/A

N/A

Cardiovascular disease

284

0

2.18 (0.99–4.91)

0.05

NA

NA

Admission RALE score

278

6

1.08 (0.94–1.25)

0.24

N/A

N/A

Peak RALE score

278

6

1.07 (0.94–1.21)

0.25

N/A

N/A

Length of hospital stay, days

280

4

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

0.01

NA

NA

Lymphocytesa, × 109/L

240

44

0.84 (0.49–1.40)

0.51

N/A

N/A

LDH, U/L

241

43

1.00 (1.00–1.01)

0.02

NA

NA

C-reactive protein, mg/L

249

35

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.14

N/A

N/A

Ferritin, ng/mL

204

80

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.15

1.00 (1.00–1.01)

0.008

Fibrinogen, g/L

178

106

1.07 (1.00–1.27)

0.39

1.02 (0.99–1.26)

0.79

D-dimer, ng/mL

252

32

1.00 (1.00–1.01)

0.01

1.00 (1.00–1.01)

0.07

Severity group 3

284

0

2.25 (1.22–4.20)

0.009

1.05 (0.33–3.33)

NA

  1. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, BMI body mass index, RALE radiographic assessment of lung edema, LDH lactated dehydrogenase
  2. aAll laboratory findings are peak values except for lymphocytes which is the lowest value
  3. Variables selected according to backward-forward stepwise selection AIC