Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics according to COPD diagnosis
Variables | COPD (n = 810) | Non COPD (n = 14,876) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years—median, IQR) | 68 (61–76) | 62 (54–71) | < 0.001 |
Age > 75 year—n. (%) | 229 (28.3) | 2711 (18.2) | < 0.001 |
Male gender—n. (%) | 603 (74.4) | 11,269 (75.8) | 0.398 |
Diabetes mellitus—n (%) | 235 (29.0) | 3526 (23.7) | 0.001 |
Hypertension—n (%) | 545 (67.3) | 8095 (54.4) | < 0.001 |
Hypercholesterolemia—n (%) | 412 (50.9) | 5824 (39.2) | < 0.001 |
Active smoker—n (%) | 567 (70.0) | 7963 (53.5) | < 0.001 |
Family history of CAD—n (%) | 150 (18.5) | 3013 (20.3) | 0.231 |
Previous STEMI—n (%) | 127 (15.7) | 1374 (9.2) | < 0.001 |
Previous PCI—n (%) | 160 (19.8) | 1781 (12.0) | < 0.001 |
Previous CABG—n (%) | 20 (2.5) | 242 (1.6) | 0.068 |
Geographic area | < 0.001 | ||
Europe n (%) | 725 (89.5) | 11,692 (78.6) | |
Latin-America—n (%) | 61 (7.5) | 1289 (8.7) | |
South East Asia—n (%) | 21 (2.6) | 1272 (8.6) | |
North Africa—n (%) | 3 (0.4) | 623 (4.2) | |
Referral to primary PCI hospital | 0.388 | ||
Ambulance (from community)—n (%) | 383 (47.5) | 7136 (48.0) | |
HUB—n (%) | 215 (26.5) | 4175 (28.1) | |
Spoke—n (%) | 210 (25.9) | 3565 (24.0) | |
Time delays | |||
Ischemia time, minutes—median (IQR)* | 210 (129–370) | 210 (121–379) | 0.786 |
Total Ischemia time > 12 h—n (%) | 89 (11.0) | 1527 (10.3) | 0.510 |
Door-to-balloon time, minutes—median (IQR)* | 40 (26–60) | 40 (25–70) | 0.709 |
Door-to-balloon time > 30 min (%)—n (%) | 506 (62.5) | 9102 (61.2) | 0.465 |
Clinical presentation | |||
Anterior STEMI—n (%) | 335 (41.4) | 6940 (46.7) | 0.003 |
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest—n (%) | 48 (5.9) | 908 (6.1) | 0.953 |
Cardiogenic shock—n (%) | 83 (10.2) | 1081 (7.3) | 0.007 |
Rescue PCI for failed thrombolysis—n (%) | 50 (6.2) | 1049 (7.1) | 0.340 |