Skip to main content

Table 1 Comparison of demographic, PFT characteristics and CT parameter among the three groups (n = 193)

From: Subtyping preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) by using quantitative HRCT imaging characteristics

 

Normal

n = 94

PRISm

n = 51

Mild to moderate COPD

n = 48

P value

Sex (male/female), n

58/36

30/21

36/12

0.189

Age (years)

62.3 ± 10.2

65.3 ± 12.1

68.0 ± 8.5**

0.008

BMI (kg/m2)

23.6 ± 3.2

23.6 ± 3.1

23.4 ± 3.3

0.924

Smoker (n, %)

32 (34.0%)

34 (66.7%)***

33 (68.8%)***

< 0.001

Pulmonary function parameters

 FEV1 (L)

2.6 ± 0.5

1.6 ± 0.4***

1.5 ± 0.3***

< 0.001

 FEV1% predicted (%)

110.3 ± 19.6

70.5 ± 9.8***

66.5 ± 12.9***

< 0.001

 FVC (L)

2.8 ± 0.6

1.9 ± 0.5***

2.5 ± 0.6**###

< 0.001

 FEV1/FVC (%)

90.1 ± 6.7

85.4 ± 10.5*

60.0 ± 6.9***###

< 0.001

 VC% predicted (%)

99.9 ± 14.8

75.5 ± 13.8***

86.4 ± 17.2***###

< 0.001

 DLco% predicted (%)

85.7 ± 19.4

66.3 ± 19.1***

66.8 ± 26.0***

< 0.001

 RV/TLC (%)

46.7 ± 7.7

53.1 ± 8.8***

56.3 ± 6.1***#

< 0.001

Parenchymal parameters on CT

 EI (%)

6.0 ± 4.7

6.6 ± 7.8

19.5 ± 11.8***###

< 0.001

 ATI (%)

31.1 ± 24.1

41.7 ± 27.6

49.1 ± 25.3***

< 0.001

 Inspiratory MLD (HU)

− 841.7 ± 29.2

− 823.8 ± 37.8**

− 857.8 ± 38.3**###

< 0.001

 PI-1 (HU)

− 979.1 ± 20.6

− 976.6 ± 29.2

− 1006.5 ± 19.3***###

< 0.001

 PI-15 (HU)

− 919.9 ± 22.0

− 912.5 ± 36.2

− 958.0 ± 33.0***###

< 0.001

 PRMEmph (%)

3.5 ± 3.4

4.5 ± 6.1

16.7 ± 11.4***###

< 0.001

 PRMfSAD (%)

15.4 ± 10.3

21.7 ± 14.2**

29.9 ± 19.2***

< 0.001

 PRMNormal (%)

81.1 ± 12.9

73.8 ± 18.4*

53.4 ± 24.2***###

< 0.001

Airway parameters on CT

 Pi10 (mm)

3.1 ± 0.7

3.6 ± 1.0**

3.6 ± 1.0**

< 0.001

 Wall thickness (mm)

0.98 ± 0.39

1.01 ± 0.28

1.12 ± 0.31*

0.065

 Wall area (%)

54.8 ± 10.2

60.4 ± 10.0**

63.2 ± 9.1***

< 0.001

 Lumen area (mm2)

11.3 ± 5.0

9.2 ± 4.2*

9.3 ± 4.6*

0.009

Vessel parameters on CT

 Total vessel volume (cc)

219.0 ± 76.6

211.7 ± 123.7

239.6 ± 104.3

0.336

 Number of vessels (ea)

1592.4 ± 680.2

1308.6 ± 697.6*

1270.2 ± 750.1*

0.012

 Number of vessels under 5 mm2 (ea)

1437.4 ± 649.6

1138.8 ± 639.6*

1086.5 ± 721.8**

0.004

 Average diameter of vessels (mm)

1.62 ± 0.32

1.75 ± 0.38*

1.81 ± 0.39**

0.006

 Area of vessels (mm2)

4174 ± 1854

3822 ± 1916

4089 ± 2016

0.568

 Surface LAA (mm2)

13,377 ± 12,152

15,252 ± 21,489

51,750 ± 36,007***###

< 0.001

  1. Values were obtained using inspiration and expiration CT images
  2. BMI: body mass index; PRISm: preserved ratio and impaired spirometry; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in one second; FEV1% predicted: percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: forced vital capacity; VC: vital capacity; DLCO: percentage of predicted diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide; RV: residual volume; TLC: total lung capacity; EI: emphysema index; ATI: air trapping index; MLD: mean lung density; HU: Hounsfield unit; PI: pixel indices; Pi10: square root of wall area of hypothetical airway with internal perimeter of 10 mm; PRM: parametric response mapping; PRMEmph: the percent of emphysema in PRM; PRMfSAD: the percent of fSAD in PRM; PRMNormal: the percent of normal in PRM; fSAD: functional small airway disease
  3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, compared to the group of normal; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001, compared to the group of PRISm
Back to article page

Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

Contact us