Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with IPF according to the number of comorbidities at enrolment
Total (N = 3580) | Number of comorbidities at enrolment | P-value a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 (n = 310) | 1 (n = 581) | 2 (n = 670) | 3 (n = 667) | ≥ 4 (n = 1352) | |||
Sex, n (%) | |||||||
Female | 1050 (29.3) | 93 (30.0) | 168 (28.9) | 226 (33.7) | 203 (30.4) | 360 (26.6) | 0.022 |
Male | 2530 (70.7) | 217 (70.0) | 413 (71.1) | 444 (66.3) | 464 (69.6) | 992 (73.4) | |
Age at enrolment, years (median, 5th; 95th percentile) | 69 (53;82) | 64 (45;78) | 67 (51;82) | 69 (53;82) | 69 (55;81) | 71 (58;83) | < 0.001 |
Time from diagnosis to enrolment, months (median, 5th; 95th percentile) | 0.46 (0.0;63.3) | 0.49 (0.00;73.67) | 0.03 (0.00;46.43) | 0.56 (0.00;71.84) | 0.69 (0.00;66.85) | 0.56 (0.00;61.90) | < 0.001 |
Median BMI, kg/m2 (5; 95 percentile) | 28.0 (21.5;35.9) | 26.6 (21.3;32.8) | 27.5 (21.0;35.4) | 27.8 (21.4;35.9) | 28.4 (21.5;36.0) | 28.4 (21.9;36.5) | < 0.001 |
Smoking, n (%) | |||||||
Never-smoker | 1353 (38.0) | 137 (45.5) | 254 (44.3) | 261 (39.0) | 248 (37.3) | 453 (33.5) | < 0.001 |
Current smoker | 169 (4.7) | 18 (6.0) | 31 (5.4) | 31 (4.6) | 34 (5.1) | 55 (4.1) | |
Ex-smoker | 2039 (57.3) | 146 (48.5) | 289 (50.3) | 377 (56.4) | 383 (57.6) | 844 (62.4) | |
Dyspnoea (NYHA categories, %) | |||||||
I | 361 (10.7) | 51 (19.0) | 70 (13.2) | 70 (11.1) | 75 (11.8) | 95 (7.2) | < 0.001 |
II | 1762 (52.1) | 152 (56.5) | 303 (57.0) | 347 (54.8) | 321 (50.5) | 639 (48.7) | |
III | 1183 (35.0) | 63 (23.4) | 151 (28.4) | 194 (30.6) | 226 (35.5) | 549 (41.8) | |
IV | 77 (2.3) | 3 (1.1) | 8 (1.5) | 22 (3.5) | 14 (2.2) | 30 (2.3) | |
HRCT, n (%) | |||||||
UIP | 2297 (64.2) | 195 (62.9) | 374 (64.4) | 445 (66.4) | 426 (63.9) | 857 (63.4) | 0.864 |
Possible UIP | 862 (24.1) | 75 (24.2) | 148 (25.5) | 155 (23.1) | 162 (24.3) | 322 (23.8) | |
Inconsistent with UIP | 127 (3.5) | 10 (3.2) | 21 (3.6) | 22 (3.3) | 24 (3.6) | 50 (3.7) | |
Not performed | 294 (8.2) | 30 (9.7) | 38 (6.5) | 48 (7.2) | 55 (8.2) | 123 (9.1) | |
Histopathology, n (%) | |||||||
UIP | 418 (11.7) | 57 (18.4) | 74 (12.7) | 90 (13.4) | 65 (9.7) | 132 (9.8) | 0.009 |
Probable UIP | 143 (4.0) | 16 (5.2) | 25 (4.3) | 31 (4.6) | 25 (3.7) | 46 (3.4) | |
Possible UIP | 119 (3.3) | 10 (3.2) | 18 (3.1) | 24 (3.6) | 20 (3.0) | 47 (3.5) | |
Not UIP | 118 (3.3) | 14 (4.5) | 24 (4.1) | 19 (2.8) | 22 (3.3) | 39 (2.9) | |
Not performed | 2782 (77.7) | 213 (68.7) | 440 (75.7) | 506 (75.5) | 535 (80.2) | 1088 (80.5) | |
Antifibrotic treatment, n (%) | |||||||
Pirfenidone | 1098 (30.6) | 72 (23.2) | 150 (25.8) | 183 (27.3) | 220 (33.0) | 473 (35.0) | < 0.001 |
Nintedanib | 917 (25.6) | 99 (31.9) | 169 (29.1) | 187 (27.9) | 153 (22.9) | 309 (22.9) | |
Switch pirfenidone to nintedanib | 165 (4.6) | 11 (3.5) | 20 (3.4) | 40 (6.0) | 36 (5.4) | 58 (4.3) | |
Switch nintedanib to pirfenidone | 77 (2.1) | 7 (2.3) | 12 (2.1) | 12 (1.8) | 10 (1.5) | 36 (2.7) | |
No antifibrotic treatment | 1323 (37.0) | 121 (39.0) | 230 (39.6) | 248 (37.0) | 248 (37.2) | 476 (35.2) | |
Lung function parameters, median (5; 95 percentile) | |||||||
FVC, % predicted | 77 (45;114) | 73 (43;112) | 77 (49;116) | 79 (47;117) | 78 (45;112) | 75 (44;112) | 0.000 |
FEV1, % predicted | 81 (48;114) | 79 (47;113) | 83 (53;122) | 82 (49;116) | 81 (49;112) | 79 (46;110) | 0.000 |
TLC, % predicted | 47.4 (22.2;81.5) | 48.0 (23.0;84.0) | 48.4 (23.4;82.5) | 49.4 (22.7;84.8) | 48.2 (25.7;80.6) | 45.1 (21.1;77.9) | 0.001 |
6MWD, m | 391 (165;558) | 450 (240;605) | 420 (165;572) | 393 (170;543) | 398 (150;568) | 370 (150;525) | 0.000 |