Fig. 3From: Short-term intermittent cigarette smoke exposure enhances alveolar type 2 cell stemness via fatty acid oxidationDifferentially regulated genes in AT2 cells exposed to continuous and intermittent CS. For each group, AT2 cells were pooled together from three mice, and used for microarray analysis and real-time PCR. A Top 25 upregulated and downregulated genes identified in the microarray analysis in continuous CS-exposed and intermittent CS-exposed groups. The top three genes in the intermittent CS-exposed group (red boxes) are related to fatty acid metabolism. B and C Confirmation of several of the upregulated genes by real-time PCR. Data are presented as relative expression compared to levels in AT2 cells isolated from continuous CS-exposed or intermittent CS-exposed lungs. D–G Representative images of cells immunofluorescence-stained for Cpt1a in cytospin slides from air-exposed (D), continuous CS-exposed (E), and intermittent CS-exposed groups (F). The ratio of Cpt1a-stained area per cell was significantly higher in the intermittent CS-exposed group than in the air-exposed and continuous CS-exposed group. The ratio in each group was calculated based on the average value of the air-exposed group. Data are presented as means ± SD. N = 35 (air), 52 (continuous CS exposure) and 89 (intermittent CS exposure). *P < 0.05. Scale bars: 50 μmBack to article page