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Table 3 Comparison among non-awake ECMO, tried ECMO, and awake ECMO patients

From: Long- and short-term clinical impact of awake extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as bridging therapy for lung transplantation

 

Absolutely non-awake ECMO (n = 31)

Tried awake ECMO (n = 8)

Awake ECMO (n = 25)

p

Age, years

54 (49–59)

59.5 (54.5–62.8)

59 (52.5–63)

0.148

Male, sex

15 (48.4)

6 (75)

20 (80)

0.043

BMI, kg/m2

21.5 (18.5–25.1)

22.4 (20.7–26.0)

19.3 (16.8–23.2)

0.173

Primary lung disease

0.404

 IPF

13 (41.9)

4 (50)

14 (56)

 

 AIP/ARDS

4 (12.9)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 CTD-related ILD

4 (12.9)

3 (37.5)

4 (16)

 BO after PBSCT

1 (3.2)

0 (0)

2 (8)

 Other

9 (29)

1 (12.5)

5 (20)

Hypertension

9 (29)

1 (12.5)

5 (20)

0.649

Diabetes mellitus

9 (31)

4 (50)

6 (24)

0.381

Pulmonary hypertension

17 (54.8)

5 (62.5)

12 (48)

0.829

TTE parameters before LTx

 EF, %

61 (56–66)

67 (58.3–75.3)

62 (55–68)

0.286

 E/E’

11 (8–12)

9 (6.9–12.5)

10 (8.2–12)

0.725

 RVSP, mmHg

48 (30.8–61)

58 (32.3–69.3)

49 (37.5–53)

0.493

APACHE II score

21 (17–28)

26 (21.5–28.8)

18 (13–19)

0.003

ECMO blood flow, mL

3170 (2750–3550)

3270 (3100–3560)

3010 (2525–3575)

0.443

ECMO duration, days

10 (4–19)

17.5 (9.5–26.5)

13 (8–17)

0.277

Ventilator free days

0 (0–20)

5 (0–17)

24 (17–26)

 < 0.001

Three-month mortality

7 (22.6)

2 (25)

1 (4)

0.085

Six-month mortality

12 (38.7)

3 (37.5)

3 (12)

0.049

One-year mortality

16 (51.6)

5 (62.5)

6 (24)

0.053

Ability to gait after LTx

18 (58.1)

5 (62.5)

23 (92)

0.009

Time to gaiting, days

27 (18–33)

28 (21–47)

17 (10–29)

0.089

ICU length of stay, days

18 (11–37)

16 (9.8–31.8)

6 (4–8.5)

< 0.001

Hospital length of stay, days

51 (38–92)

85 (58.8–173.8)

36 (24–91)

0.043

Six-month FVC, % (11/3/18)*

61 (49–65)

70 (68.5–70.5)

70 (59.5–78.5)

0.045

Six-month FEV1, % (11/3/18)*

56 (40–64)

72 (72–72.5)

77.5 (69–96.5)

0.011

One-year FVC, % (12/3/18)*

61 (53–68)

65 (63.5–83.5)

71 (62.8–79.3)

0.056

One-year FEV1, % (12/3/18)*

57 (45.3–67.8)

70 (63–92.5)

75 (61.5–96.8)

0.017

  1. Data are presented as numbers (percentages) or medians (interquartile ranges)
  2. ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, BMI body mass index, IPF idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, AIP acute interstitial pneumonia, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, CTD connective tissue disease, BO after PBSCT bronchiolitis obliterans after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, TTE transthoracic echocardiography, LTx lung transplantation, EF ejection fraction, E/E’ ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity to early diastolic mitral annulus velocity, RVSP right ventricular systolic pressure, APACHE acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, ICU intensive care unit, FVC forced vital capacity, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s
  3. *Number of patients included in pulmonary function analysis