Table 1 Patients characteristics
| Â | Unweighted | IPTW-weighted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Pirfenidone (N = 840) | Nintedanib (N = 713) | SMD | SMD |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 71.9 (8.6) | 73.0 (8.7) | 0.121 | 0.013 |
Sex (female), n (%) | 207 (24.6) | 190 (26.6) | 0.046 | 0.005 |
GIMD 2010 n (%) | ||||
 Q1 (least deprived quintile) | 202 (24.0) | 165 (23.1) | 0.075 | 0.015 |
 Q2 | 194 (23.1) | 170 (23.8) |  |  |
 Q3 | 155 (18.5) | 138 (19.4) |  |  |
 Q4 | 163 (19.4) | 129 (18.1) |  |  |
 Q5 (most deprived quintile) | 114 (13.6) | 95 (13.3) |  |  |
 Unknown | 12 (1.4) | 16 (2.2) |  |  |
Residential area n (%) | ||||
 Major city | 176 (21.0) | 154 (21.6) | 0.076 | 0.018 |
 Urban districts | 341 (40.6) | 268 (37.6) |  |  |
 Rural districts | 165 (19.6) | 140 (19.6) |  |  |
 Remote rural districts | 155 (18.5) | 149 (20.9) |  |  |
 Unknown | 3 (0.4) | 2 (0.3) |  |  |
Latency from diagnosis to treatment (years), mean (SD) | 0.8 (1.0) | 1.2 (1.3) | 0.358 | 0.002 |
Comorbidities Elixhauser score, mean (SD) | 3.4 (2.2) | 3.4 (2.1) | 0.033 | 0.002 |
Comorbidities modified Elixhauser categories, n (%) | ||||
 Congestive heart failure | 199 (23.7) | 157 (22.0) | 0.040 |  < 0.001 |
 Cardiac arrhythmias | 207 (24.6) | 122 (17.1) | 0.186 | 0.001 |
 Valvular disease | 110 (13.1) | 90 (12.6) | 0.014 | 0.005 |
 Peripheral vascular disorders | 166 (19.8) | 140 (19.6) | 0.003 | 0.007 |
 Hypertension, uncomplicated | 452 (53.8) | 404 (56.7) | 0.057 | 0.006 |
 Hypertension, complicated | 107 (12.7) | 85 (11.9) | 0.025 | 0.006 |
 Chronic pulmonary disease | 352 (41.9) | 308 (43.2) | 0.026 | 0.005 |
 Diabetes, uncomplicated | 136 (16.2) | 91 (12.8) | 0.098 | 0.004 |
 Diabetes, complicated | 168 (20.0) | 156 (21.9) | 0.046 | 0.006 |
 Hypothyroidism | 73 (8.7) | 68 (9.5) | 0.029 | 0.009 |
 Renal failure | 120 (14.3) | 107 (15.0) | 0.020 | 0.020 |
 Liver disease | 126 (15.0) | 96 (13.5) | 0.044 |  < 0.001 |
 Solid tumor without metastasis | 82 (9.8) | 61 (8.6) | 0.042 | 0.010 |
 Rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular diseases | 77 (9.2) | 63 (8.8) | 0.012 | 0.011 |
 Obesity | 154 (18.3) | 150 (21.0) | 0.068 | 0.005 |
 Depression | 160 (19.0) | 131 (18.4) | 0.017 | 0.006 |
Comorbidities IPF-specific, n (%) | ||||
 Coronary heart disease | 318 (37.9) | 271 (38.0) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
 Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease | 167 (19.9) | 123 (17.3) | 0.068 | 0.008 |
 Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome | 86 (10.2) | 59 (8.3) | 0.068 | 0.003 |
 Thrombosis | 31 (3.7) | 28 (3.9) | 0.012 | 0.020 |
 Lung cancer | 9 (1.1) | 16 (2.2) | 0.092 | 0.011 |
 Pulmonary hypertension | 43 (5.1) | 34 (4.8) | 0.016 | 0.011 |
Drug treatments, n (%) | ||||
 Immunosuppressants | 35 (4.2) | 22 (3.1) | 0.058 | 0.002 |
 Acetylcysteine | 142 (16.9) | 71 (10.0) | 0.205 | 0.001 |
 Glucocorticoids, Corticosteroids | 323 (38.5) | 274 (38.4) |  < 0.001 | 0.005 |
 Treatment with anti-clotting drugs | 250 (29.8) | 166 (23.3) | 0.147 | 0.002 |
 Treatment with anti-acid drugs | 476 (56.7) | 387 (54.3) | 0.048 | 0.004 |
 Treatment with anti-depressants | 99 (11.8) | 84 (11.8) |  < 0.001 | 0.002 |
 Treatment with anti-diabetic drugs | 201 (23.9) | 160 (22.4) | 0.035 | 0.001 |
 Treatment with drugs against obstructive airway disease | 219 (26.1) | 210 (29.5) | 0.076 | 0.004 |
 Treatment of heart insufficiency/cardiac arrhythmia | 348 (41.4) | 244 (34.2) | 0.149 | 0.001 |
 Treatment of cardiovascular disease | 601 (71.5) | 483 (67.7) | 0.083 | 0.007 |
Hospitalizations in three months before treatment, n (%) | ||||
 All cause | 611 (72.7) | 486 (68.2) | 0.100 |  < 0.001 |
 IPF-specific | 473 (56.3) | 384 (53.9) | 0.049 | 0.005 |
 Respiratory-related | 79 (9.4) | 64 (9.0) | 0.015 | 0.007 |
Use of outpatient services in the year before treatment, mean (SD) | ||||
 Contacts to physicians overall | 19.2 (8.5) | 18.6 (7.9) | 0.072 | 0.003 |
 Contact to pulmonologists | 2.0 (1.8) | 2.1 (1.9) | 0.077 | 0.009 |