Fig. 5

Alterations in mitochondrial ROS production, Δψm and mitophagy in PMVECs subjected to diabetic IR injury. A The coimmunofluorescence of LC3-II (fluorescent green) and TOMM20 (fluorescent red) was assessed to measure the level of mitophagy in PMVECs in each group (scale bars, 20 μm). B Quantitative analysis of mitophagosome formation (mean ± SD). C Representative blots. D SIRT1 and PINK1 expression (mean ± SD). E Mitochondrial membrane potential visualized by JC-1, a dye sensitive to mitochondrial membrane potential changes (scale bars, 20 μm). F Quantification of JC-1 fluorescence intensity (red/green florescent area) (mean ± SD). G The amount of ROS in PMVECs was determined by MitoSOX (scale bars, 20 μm). H Quantification of MitoSOX fluorescence intensity (red) (mean ± SD). I Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry in rat PMVECs (medians, interquartile range). HF high fat, HG high glucose, SIR simulated ischemia–reperfusion. (^aaP < 0.05 versus the Con group, ^bbP < 0.05 versus the Con + SIR group)