The impact of fluid status and decremental PEEP strategy on cardiac function and lung and kidney damage in mild-moderate experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome

Table 1 Echocardiographic parameters at ZEEP (BASELINE), after PEEP = 9 cmH₂O, and at FINAL

	FLUIDS	PEEP	ZEEP	PEEP 9	FINAL
PAT/PET	NORMO	FAST	0.38 ± 0.06	0.36 ± 0.08	0.31 ± 0.10
	HIGH	FAST	0.38 ± 0.03	0.41 ± 0.08	0.34 ± 0.10
	NORMO	SLOW	0.40 ± 0.11	0.39 ± 0.13	0.47 ± 0.05^#
	HIGH	SLOW	0.40 ± 0.07	0.42 ± 0.08	0.48 ± 0.05*
LV area (cm²)	NORMO	FAST	0.22 ± 0.09	0.18 ± 0.07	0.20 ± 0.04*
	HIGH	FAST	0.25 ± 0.13	0.25 ± 0.08	0.38 ± 0.09
	NORMO	SLOW	0.19 ± 0.03	0.23 ± 0.09	0.18 ± 0.07**
	HIGH	SLOW	0.23 ± 0.10	0.18 ± 0.06	0.30 ± 0.08
RV area (cm²)	NORMO	FAST	0.32 ± 0.05	0.32 ± 0.07	0.29 ± 0.03*
	HIGH	FAST	0.33 ± 0.08	0.36 ± 0.04	0.43 ± 0.11
	NORMO	SLOW	0.32 ± 0.08	0.31 ± 0.05	0.30 ± 0.05**
	HIGH	SLOW	0.33 ± 0.07	0.28 ± 0.09	0.34 ± 0.03
RVCO (L/min)	NORMO	FAST	0.12 ± 0.04	0.14 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.04*
	HIGH	FAST	0.12 ± 0.03	0.15 ± 0.10	0.19 ± 0.07
	NORMO	SLOW	0.11 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.05	0.06 ± 0.02**
	HIGH	SLOW	0.13 ± 0.06	0.14 ± 0.09	0.16 ± 0.06
HR (bpm)	NORMO	FAST	341 ± 52	352 ± 67	330 ± 85
	HIGH	FAST	371 ± 47	334 ± 64	324 ± 59
	NORMO	SLOW	361 ± 43	337 ± 23	339 ± 31
	HIGH	SLOW	375 ± 48	349 ± 23	353 ± 48
MAP (mmHg)	NORMO	FAST	118 ± 26	116 ± 36	127 ± 40
	HIGH	FAST	115 ± 33	109 ± 38	117 ± 48
	NORMO	SLOW	112 ± 21	111 ± 28	105 ± 47
	HIGH	SLOW	121 ± 13	107 ± 35	108 ± 33

Values are means ± SD of 7 animals/group. All data were collected before fluid administration and in ZEEP (BASELINE), after PEEP of 9 cmH₂O and at FINAL. NORMO and HIGH: administration of Ringer lactate at 10 mL/kg/h and 30 mL/kg/h, respectively. FAST: abrupt PEEP decrease from 9 to 3 cmH₂O. SLOW: gradual PEEP decrease (0.2 cmH₂O/min) from 9 to 3 cmH₂O
PAT pulmonary acceleration time, PET pulmonary ejection time, PAT/PET ratio indirect index of pulmonary arterial hypertension, LV area left ventricular end-diastolic area, RV area right ventricular end-diastolic area, RVCO right ventricular cardiac output, HR heart rate, MAP mean arterial pressure
*Significantly different from HIGH-FAST (p < 0.05); **Significantly different from HIGH-FAST (p < 0.01)
^#Significantly different from NORMO-FAST (p < 0.0125). ^#Significantly different from HIGH-SLOW (p < 0.05)

ISSN: 1465-993X