Table 1 Demographic and clinical variables predictive of mortality in patients with haemoptysis
From: Long-term prognostic outcomes in patients with haemoptysis
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
Age (classes) | ||||
< 40 years | Ref | Ref | ||
40–54 years | 0.8 (0.1–9.0) | 0.85 | ||
55–70 years | 3.3 (0.4–26.4) | 0.25 | ||
> 70 years | 9.5 (1.3–70.5) | 0.03 | 5.0 (0.8–32.7) | 0.10 |
Sex male | 2.3 (1.3–4.1) | 0.005 | 1.3 (0.2–7.4) | 0.76 |
Haemoptysis severity | ||||
Mild | Ref | Ref | ||
Moderate | 1.9 (1.2–3.0) | 0.01 | ||
Severe | 0.6 (0.1–4.6) | 0.61 | ||
Smoking history | ||||
≥ 10 pack/years | 3.5 (1.8–6.7) | < 0.0001 | 0.5 (0.1–3.5) | 0.46 |
≥ 30 pack/years | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) | 0.02 | ||
Number of recurrences | 0.2 (0.1–0.7) | 0.009 | 0.6 (0.2–2.3) | 0.46 |
Severity of recurrences | ||||
Mild | Ref | Ref | ||
Moderate | 3.6 (1.2–10.8) | 0.02 | ||
Severe | 10.8 (1.6–73.9) | 0.02 | ||
Antiplatelet therapy | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.37 | ||
Anticoagulant therapy | 1.5 (0.8–2.9) | 0.25 | ||
Antiplatelet + anticoagulant therapy | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.24 | ||
Pneumonia/lung abscess | 0.7 (0.3–1.3) | 0.20 | ||
Malignancy (primary and metastatic) | 15.6 (9.2–26.5) | < 0.0001 | 38.2 (4.2–347.5) | 0.0001 |
Bronchiectasis | 0.1 (0.0–0.5) | 0.004 | 0.3 (0.0–3.7) | 0.37 |
Acute bronchitis | – | – | ||
Cryptogenic haemoptysis | 0.3 (0.1–1.1) | 0.08 | ||