Variable | Prespecified study period (1 April 2015 to 31 March 2019) | Post hoc extension period (1 April 2015 to 31 March 2020) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
hdPS-matched cohort | Unmatched cohort | hdPS-matched cohort | Unmatched cohort | |||||
Tio n = 1302 | Tio/Olo n = 1302 | Tio n = 5352 | Tio/Olo n = 1436 | Tio n = 1723 | Tio/Olo n = 1723 | Tio n = 6505 | Tio/Olo n = 1860 | |
Age at cohort entry, mean (SD), years | 75.1 (8.9) | 75.2 (8.5) | 75.6 (8.9) | 75.2 (8.4) | 75.6 (8.8) | 75.4 (8.5) | 75.6 (8.9) | 75.4 (8.5) |
Male, n (%) | 1140 (87.6) | 1148 (88.2) | 4573 (85.4) | 1273 (88.6) | 1524 (88.5) | 1520 (88.2) | 5543 (85.2) | 1649 (88.7) |
Year of cohort entry, n (%) | ||||||||
2015 + 2016 | 86 (6.6) | 97 (7.5) | 2196 (41.0) | 99 (6.9) | 86 (5.0) | 84 (4.9) | 2227 (34.2) | 84 (4.5) |
2017 | 586 (45.0) | 581 (44.6) | 1815 (33.9) | 617 (43.0) | 527 (30.6) | 528 (30.6) | 1860 (28.6) | 546 (29.4) |
2018 | 594 (45.6) | 590 (45.3) | 1282 (24.0) | 679 (47.3) | 566 (32.8) | 569 (33.0) | 1415 (21.8) | 605 (32.5) |
2019 | 36 (2.8) | 34 (2.6) | 59 (1.1) | 41 (2.9) | 519 (30.1) | 517 (30.0) | 955 (14.7) | 595 (32.0) |
Hospital size by bed number, n (%) | ||||||||
< 199 beds | 144 (11.1) | 129 (9.9) | 706 (13.2) | 138 (9.6) | 175 (10.2) | 162 (9.4) | 885 (13.6) | 171 (9.2) |
200–499 beds | 685 (52.6) | 709 (54.5) | 3031 (56.6) | 760 (52.9) | 924 (53.6) | 929 (53.9) | 3640 (56.0) | 980 (52.7) |
≥ 500 beds | 472 (36.3) | 462 (35.5) | 1575 (29.4) | 536 (37.3) | 622 (36.1) | 630 (36.6) | 1937 (29.8) | 707 (38.0) |
Blood eosinophil count %, mean (SD)a | 2.69 (2.56)b | 2.89 (2.71)b | 3.07 (3.13)c | 2.93 (2.84)c | 2.94 (3.28)d | 2.99 (2.83)d | 3.05 (3.28)e | 2.93 (2.79)e |
Respiratory events and medications, n (%) | ||||||||
All-cause hospitalization | 524 (40.2) | 535 (41.1) | 2013 (37.6) | 617 (43.0) | 742 (43.1) | 745 (43.2) | 2507 (38.5) | 846 (45.5) |
Hospitalization due to respiratory condition | 475 (36.5) | 485 (37.3) | 1798 (33.6) | 560 (39.0) | 660 (38.3) | 670 (38.9) | 2240 (34.4) | 762 (41.0) |
Cough and cold preparations | 366 (28.1) | 364 (28.0) | 1240 (23.2) | 436 (30.4) | 485 (28.1) | 477 (27.7) | 1489 (22.9) | 552 (29.7) |
Oral/injected corticosteroids | 220 (16.9) | 219 (16.8) | 711 (13.3) | 263 (18.3) | 289 (16.8) | 291 (16.9) | 860 (13.2) | 337 (18.1) |
COPD exacerbations | 181 (13.9) | 166 (12.7) | 530 (9.9) | 192 (13.4) | 221 (12.8) | 220 (12.8) | 643 (9.9) | 256 (13.8) |
COPD exacerbations + oral/injected corticosteroids | 131 (10.1) | 130 (10.0) | 384 (7.2) | 148 (10.3) | 163 (9.5) | 183 (10.6) | 466 (7.2) | 205 (11.0) |
Other concomitant therapy, n (%) | ||||||||
Antihypertensives/diuretics | 443 (34.0) | 457 (35.1) | 1738 (32.5) | 520 (36.2) | 635 (36.9) | 629 (36.5) | 2175 (33.4) | 708 (38.1) |
Antithrombotic agents (including aspirin/DOAC) | 382 (29.3) | 391 (30.0) | 1523 (28.5) | 460 (32.0) | 528 (30.6) | 531 (30.8) | 1909 (29.3) | 601 (32.3) |
Antiepileptics/psycholeptics/psychoanaleptics (hypnotics/sedatives)f | 325 (25.0) | 315 (24.2) | 1188 (22.2) | 371 (25.8) | 439 (25.5) | 431 (25.0) | 1475 (22.7) | 497 (26.7) |
Hypnotics/sedatives (N5B)g | 207 (15.9) | 206 (15.8) | 768 (14.3) | 244 (17.0) | 292 (17.0) | 294 (17.1) | 960 (14.8) | 330 (17.7) |
Lipid-lowering agents | 182 (14.0) | 189 (14.5) | 698 (13.0) | 208 (14.5) | 268 (15.6) | 259 (15.0) | 893 (13.7) | 290 (15.6) |
Antirheumatics, non-steroidal | 172 (13.2) | 171 (13.1) | 653 (12.2) | 215 (15.0) | 240 (13.9) | 227 (13.2) | 771 (11.9) | 269 (14.5) |
Comorbidities before cohort entry, n (%) | ||||||||
Hypertension | 237 (18.2) | 253 (19.4) | 1069 (20.0) | 288 (20.1) | 339 (19.7) | 354 (20.5) | 1332 (20.5) | 394 (21.2) |
Pneumonia | 246 (18.9) | 244 (18.7) | 911 (17.0) | 286 (19.9) | 339 (19.7) | 344 (20.0) | 1119 (17.2) | 399 (21.5) |
Heart failure | 200 (15.4) | 203 (15.6) | 821 (15.3) | 229 (15.9) | 265 (15.4) | 274 (15.9) | 1017 (15.6) | 297 (16.0) |
Any cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer) | 147 (11.3) | 145 (11.1) | 469 (8.8) | 178 (12.4) | 208 (12.1) | 204 (11.8) | 580 (8.9) | 236 (12.7) |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 141 (10.8) | 142 (10.9) | 672 (12.6) | 165 (11.5) | 198 (11.5) | 211 (12.2) | 796 (12.2) | 235 (12.6) |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 131 (10.1) | 126 (9.7) | 481 (9.0) | 151 (10.5) | 184 (10.7) | 188 (10.9) | 594 (9.1) | 215 (11.6) |
Chronic bronchitis | 65 (5.0) | 74 (5.7) | 264 (4.9) | 86 (6.0) | 79 (4.6) | 89 (5.2) | 314 (4.8) | 100 (5.4) |