Fig. 2

Human primary small airway epithelial cells differentiated in air–liquid interface culture were stimulated for 24 h with 30 ng/ml IL-17 or 200 ng/ml IL-22 and the release of IL-6, IL-8 and CXCL1 was measured (a). Primary human bronchial smooth muscle cells were stimulated for 24 h with 30 ng/ml IL-17 or 200 ng/ml IL-22 and the release of IL-6, IL-8 and CXCL1 was measured (b) or stimulated for 24 h with 10 ng/ml IL-17 + 20 ng/ml IL-22 and the release of IL-6 (c) and IL-8 (d) was measured. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed using a non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparison (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, ****P < 0.001)