Table 1 Demographics of population on workforce connection
Variable | Level | Total (n = 404) | Paid work (n = 213) | No paid work (n = 191) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | Median [iqr] | 58 [53, 61] | 57 [52, 60] | 58 [54.5, 62.0] | < 0.01 |
Age group | < 50 years | 46 (11.4) | 32 (15.0) | 14 (7.3) | |
50–54 years | 76 (18.8) | 42 (19.7) | 34 (17.8) | ||
55–59 years | 138 (34.2) | 70 (32.9) | 68 (35.6) | 0.072 | |
60–64 years | 144 (35.6) | 69 (32.4) | 75 (39.3) | ||
Sex | Female | 211 (52.2) | 103 (48.4) | 108 (56.5) | 0.122 |
Educational level | Low | 245 (60.6) | 118 (55.4) | 127 (66.5) | |
Medium /High | 159 (39.4) | 95 (44.6) | 64 (33.5) | 0.039 | |
Smoking status | Never smoker | 9 (2.2) | 6 (2.8) | 3 (1.6) | |
Active smoker | 214 (53.0) | 104 (48.8) | 110 (57.6) | ||
Previous smoker | 181 (44.8) | 103 (48.4) | 78 (40.8) | 0.180 | |
Smoking history (years)π | Median [iqr] | 40 [30, 43] | 38 [30, 40] | 40 [32, 45] | 0.085 |
FEV1% predicted | Mean (sd) | 55.9 (18.8) | 58.5 (18.5) | 52.9 (18.8) | < 0.01 |
FVC% predicted | Mean (sd) | 91.9 (17) | 94.9 (17.2) | 88.5 (16.2) | < 0.01 |
FEV1%/FVC% | Mean (sd) | 0.5 (0.1) | 0.5 (0.1) | 0.5 (0.1) | 0.151 |
FEV1% predicted | < 30 | 46 (11.4) | 28 (13.1) | 18 (9.4) | |
30–59 | 190 (47.0) | 113 (53.1) | 77 (40.3) | ||
50–79 | 143 (35.4) | 63 (29.6) | 80 (41.9) | ||
≥ 80 | 25 (6.2) | 9 (4.2) | 16 (8.4) | < 0.01 | |
Height | Mean (sd) | 170.1 (9.1) | 171.4 (8.8) | 168.7 (9.1) | < 0.01 |
Weight | Median [iqr] | 71 [60, 85] | 71 [61, 85] | 71 [59, 86] | 0.475 |
BMI (kg/m2) | Median [iqr] | 24.8 [21.5, 28.6] | 24.4 [21.8, 27.8] | 25.3 [21.1, 29.0] | 0.579 |
BMI | < 21 kg/m2 | 88 (21.8) | 40 (18.8) | 48 (25.1) | |
21–30 kg/m2 | 242 (59.9) | 137 (64.3) | 105 (55.0) | ||
> 30 kg/m2 | 74 (18.3) | 36 (16.9) | 38 (19.9) | 0.148 | |
Abnormal BMI | < 21 or > 30 kg/m2 | 162 (40.1) | 76 (35.7) | 86 (45.0) | 0.070 |
Exacerbations previous year€ | 0–1 Exacerbations | 243 (70.2) | 145 (76.3) | 98 (62.8) | |
≥ 2 Exacerbation | 103 (29.8) | 45 (23.7) | 58 (37.2) | < 0.01 | |
Steps per day | < 5000 | 151 (37.4) | 57 (26.8) | 94 (49.2) | < 0.01 |
6MWD predicted | < 70% | 203 (50.2) | 83 (39.0) | 120 (62.8) | < 0.01 |
MRCα | 1 | 99 (26.5) | 59 (29.8) | 40 (22.9) | |
2 | 116 (31.1) | 72 (36.4) | 44 (25.1) | ||
3 | 92 (24.7) | 42 (21.2) | 50 (28.6) | ||
4 | 42 (11.3) | 17 (8.6) | 25 (14.3) | ||
5 | 24 (6.4) | 8 (4.0) | 16 (9.1) | < 0.01 | |
MRCα | ≥ 3 | 158 (42.4) | 67 (33.8) | 91 (52.0) | < 0.01 |
CIS pointsΩ | Mean (sd) | 37.3 (12.5) | 36.2 (12.3) | 38.7 (12.7) | 0.080 |
CISΩ | ≥ 36 points | 180 (58.4) | 86 (52.8) | 94 (64.8) | 0.042 |
Comorbidities | |||||
Arterial hypertension# | 30 (23.3) | 14 (21.5) | 16 (25.0) | 0.797 | |
Coronary artery disease# | 9 (7.0) | 4 (6.2) | 5 (7.8) | 0.981 | |
Heart attack# | 8 (6.2) | 4 (6.2) | 4 (6.2) | 1.000 | |
Heart rhythm disturbance# | 4 (3.1) | 2 (3.1) | 2 (3.1) | 1.000 | |
Cerebral infarction# | 6 (4.7) | 2 (3.1) | 4 (6.2) | 0.662 | |
Chronic heart failure# | 4 (3.1) | 2 (3.1) | 2 (3.1) | 1.000 | |
Peripheral vascular disease# | 7 (5.4) | 3 (4.6) | 4 (6.2) | 0.983 | |
Anemia# | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.6) | 0.994 | |
Diabetes# | 9 (7.0) | 5 (7.7) | 4 (6.2) | 1.000 | |
Chronic renal failure# | 3 (2.3) | 1 (1.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0.989 | |
Osteoporosis# | 8 (6.2) | 5 (7.7) | 3 (4.7) | 0.732 | |
Skeletal muscle dysfunction / muscle weakness# | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.6) | 0.994 | |
Arthrosis# | 13 (10.1) | 5 (7.7) | 8 (12.5) | 0.539 | |
Depression# | 13 (10.1) | 4 (6.2) | 9 (14.1) | 0.230 | |
Anxiety# | 7 (5.4) | 3 (4.6) | 4 (6.2) | 0.983 | |
Cognitive impairment# | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 | |
Gastroesophageal reflux# | 6 (4.7) | 2 (3.1) | 4 (6.2) | 0.662 | |
Obstructive sleep apnea# | 2 (1.6) | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.483 | |
Cancer# | 4 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (6.2) | 0.124 | |
Comorbidity count# | 0 | 29 (22.5) | 20 (30.8) | 9 (14.1) | |
1 | 48 (37.2) | 20 (30.8) | 28 (43.8) | ||
2 + | 52 (40.3) | 25 (38.5) | 27 (42.2) | 0.062 | |