Fig. 2

Associations between weight change patterns across adulthood and risk of incident asthma stratified by baseline age, gender, smoking status, and family history of asthma in NHANES 1999–2016. All estimates accounted for complex survey design of NHANES. Risk estimates were adjusted for baseline age (not adjusted in subgroup analysis by age), gender (not adjusted in subgroup analysis by gender), race/ethnicity, education level, family income-poverty ratio level, smoking status (not adjusted in subgroup analysis by smoking status), and family history of asthma. All P values for interaction were > 0.05