Fig. 5

PAH and CTEPH patients cluster based on survival in multivariate analyses. a, b Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) of inflammatory markers measured by ELISA in plasma (a) and of clinical parameters (b), showing the indicated WHO PH patient subgroups (left) or subgroups of survival of > 3 years (alive) or < 3 years (deceased/transplantation) (right). c Multiple factor analysis (MFA) combining clinical data and log10 transformed and scaled plasma inflammatory marker concentrations, showing the indicated patient subgroups (left) or survival of > 3 years (alive) or < 3 years (deceased/transplantation) (right). d, e. Dim1 coordinate values showing the separation between survival of > 3 years (alive) or < 3 years (deceased/transplantation) for the indicated PCAs and MFAs of PAH and CTEPH patients (d) or PAH patients alone (e) and contribution of the variables for Dim1 to the MFA. Statistical analysis between PH groups was performed by a one-way ANOVA (Kruskal–Wallis test) combined with a Dunn’s multiple comparison test. * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01, *** = p < 0.001. Separation between survival groups was evaluated using a Mann–Whitney U test on principal component 1 coordinates of alive versus deceased/transplantation. p Values are indicated