Table 2 Comparison between patients with and without symptoms of dysphagia: chi-squared test (categorical variables)
From: Dysphagia symptoms in obstructive sleep apnea: prevalence and clinical correlates
Variable | EAT-10 ≥ 3 (N = 141) | EAT-10 < 3 (N = 810) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (F) | 68 (48.6%) | 217 (27%) | < 0.001 | |
AHI | Mild (5–15) | 63 (44.7%) | 312 (38.5%) | 0.421 |
Moderate (16–29) | 44 (31.2%) | 253 (31.2%) | ||
Severe (≥ 30) | 34 (24.1%) | 245 (30.2%) | ||
ESS ≥ 10 | 68 (48.6%) | 167 (21.2%) | < 0.001 | |
Snoring (polysomnography) | 93 (66%) | 529 (65.2%) | 0.986 | |
GERD-Q ≥ 8 | 62 (32.8%) | 127 (16.8%) | < 0.001 | |
Anxiety/depression | 55 (41%) | 150 (19%) | < 0.001 | |
Comorbidities | Hypertension | 60 (43.8%) | 398 (49.9%) | 0.189 |
Heart failure | 18 (17.5%) | 85 (10.7%) | 0.334 | |
Diabetes mellitus | 30 (22.4%) | 94 (11.8%) | 0.001 | |
Thyroid diseases | 28 (21.2%) | 103 (13%) | 0.012 | |
Hypercholesterolemia | 52 (38%) | 286 (36.2%) | 0.686 | |
Hypertriglyceridemia | 25 (18.5%) | 123 (15.8%) | 0.431 | |
Hiatal hernia | 31 (23.1%) | 101 (12.8%) | 0.002 | |
Gastric ulcer/Gastritis | 35 (26.5%) | 94 (12%) | < 0.001 | |
Asthma | 17 (12.7%) | 72 (9.1%) | 0.193 | |
Rhinitis/Rhinosinusitis | 24 (18%) | 82 (10.5%) | 0.013 | |
Neurological diseasesa | 18 (13.4%) | 46 (5.9%) | 0.002 | |