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Fig. 1 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 1

From: Artesunate ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced airway remodelling via PPAR-γ/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling pathway

Fig. 1

Artesunate reduced CS-induced airway inflammation and oxidative stress in rats. After CS exposure for 12 weeks, rats were euthanized and lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. ad The concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and ICAM-1 in the BALF were measured by ELISA. e, f H&E staining was performed for assessment of the inflammatory infiltration. g, h The ROS and GSH concentration in BALF were measured by kits. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM, n = 6. ##P < 0.01 compared to control group using unpaired t-test; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ns means no significant difference compared to CS group using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test for selected pairs. Arts Artesunate

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