Fig. 3From: Sputum sample positivity for Haemophilus influenzae or Moraxella catarrhalis in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: evaluation of association with positivity at earlier stable disease timepointsRisk ratio values for Haemophilus influenzae presence at exacerbation. Shown as risk ratio for H. influenzae presence at first exacerbation, given H. influenzae presence or absence at a the screening visit or b any stable visit within 90 days before the first exacerbation. c Risk ratio for H. influenzae presence at second exacerbation given H. influenzae presence or absence at any stable visit within 90 days before the second exacerbation (Full cohort, Year 1 and Year 2). a p-value < 0.001 for culture and PCR; b p-value < 0.0001 for culture and PCR; c p-value < 0.001 for PCR. Other p-values not statistically significant. 95% CI, 95% confidence intervalBack to article page