Dual versus monotherapy with bronchodilators in GOLD group B COPD patients according to baseline FEV1 level: a patient-level pooled analysis of phase-3 randomized clinical trials

Table 2 Changes in trough FEV₁ from baseline following dual or monotherapy of LABA and/or LAMA

	Intervention	Mean change in trough FEV₁ (SD), L	Treatment difference vs. dual (95% CI), L	p-value
GOLD III/IV	Dual	0.147 (0.209)
	LABA	0.062 (0.208)	0.085 (0.064–0.106)	< 0.001
	LAMA	0.081 (0.209)	0.066 (0.049–0.083)	< 0.001
GOLD I/II	Dual	0.150 (0.234)
	LABA	0.074 (0.232)	0.076 (0.049–0.102)	< 0.001
	LAMA	0.088 (0.239)	0.062 (0.042–0.081)	< 0.001

CI confidence interval, FEV₁ forced expiratory volume at 1 s, GOLD Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, LABA long-acting beta-2 agonist, LAMA long-acting muscarinic antagonist, SD standard deviation

ISSN: 1465-993X