Preexisting respiratory diseases and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: a multihospital cohort study on predominantly African American population

Table 3 Association between preexisting respiratory disease/smoking and severe disease outcomes- Mortality, Mechanical ventilation and ICU admission unadjusted and adjusted for age, sex, race, BMI and comorbidities

Characteristic	Mortality		ICU Admission		Mechanical ventilation
	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Preexisting respiratory disease
Unadjusted	1.29 (1.05–1.58)	0.02	1.33 (1.08–1.64)	0.007	1.40 (1.13–1.74)	0.002
Fully adjusted*	1.36 (1.08–1.72)	0.01	1.34 (1.07–1.68)	0.009	1.36 (1.07–1.72)	0.01
Smoking
Unadjusted	1.26 (1.03–1.53)	0.02	1.33 (1.09–1.62)	0.005	1.23 (0.99–1.52)	0.05
Fully adjusted*	1.14 (0.91–1.42)	0.25	1.25 (1.01–1.55)	0.03	1.15 (0.92–1.44)	0.21

*Fully adjusted for age, sex, race, BMI and comorbidities which include hypertension, coronary artery disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, ESRD on dialysis, congestive heart failure, any cancer, any liver disease, hyperlipidemia and history of previous stroke
OR odds ratio, CI Confidence Interval

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