Table 1 Characteristics of the study population according to control status at recruitment
From: COPD Clinical Control: predictors and long-term follow-up of the CHAIN cohort
Total n = 798 | Controlled n = 264 (33%) | Uncontrolled n = 534 (66.8%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), m (SD) | 65.7 (10.5) | 62.8 (11.6) | 67.2 (9.7) | < 0.001 |
Gender (male), n (%) | 663 (82.9) | 226 (85.6) | 435 (81.5) | 0.144 |
Active smoker, n (%) | 229 (28.6) | 92 (34.8) | 136 (25.5) | 0.006 |
Tobacco exposure, pack-years, m (SD) | 56.3 (28.7) | 52.6 (25.8) | 58.2 (29.9) | 0.018 |
BMI (kg/m2), m (SD) | 28.0 (5.1) | 27.2 (4.7) | 28.4 (5.2) | 0.001 |
Post-bronchodilator FEV1 (%), m (SD) | 60.2 (25.9) | 68.0 (20.8) | 56.4 (27.3) | < 0.001 |
Post-bronchodilator FEV1 (mL), m (SD) | 1629.9 (690.4) | 1944.0 (746.4) | 1476.6 (602.7) | < 0.001 |
KCO%, median (P25-P75) | 73 (51–92.9) | 76.05 (60–95) | 70 (46–91) | 0.002 |
Chronic bronchitis, n (%) | 466 (58.2) | 132 (50.0) | 334 (62.5) | 0.001 |
Dark sputum, n (%) | 122 (15.2) | 29 (11.0) | 93 (17.4) | 0.018 |
Bronchial asthma, n (%) | 26 (3.3) | 11 (4.2) | 15 (2.8) | 0.309 |
Eosinophils (%), median (P25-P75) | 2.3 (1.5–3.6) | 2.4 (1.6–3.6) | 2.3 (1.5–3.6) | 0.666 |
Charlson index, m (SD) | 1.2 (1.5) | 1.0 (1.5) | 1.3 (1.5) | 0.009 |
Treatment, n (%) | ||||
Inhaled triple therapy | 454 (56.8) | 105 (39.8) | 348 (65.2) | < 0.001 |
Theophylline | 73 (9.1) | 8 (3.0) | 65 (12.2) | < 0.001 |
Influenza vaccine | 430 (53.7) | 102 (38.6) | 328 (61.4) | < 0.001 |
LTOT | 104 (13.0) | 9 (3.4) | 95 (17.8) | < 0.001 |
Home ventilation | 41 (5.1) | 9 (3.4) | 32 (6.0) | 0.120 |
CAT score, m (SD) | 12.6 (7.2) | 10.3 (6.5) | 13.8 (7.3) | < 0.001 |
Anxiety, HDAS, m (SD) | 11.1 (4.8) | 11.06 (4.8) | 11.19 (4.9) | 0.576 |
Depression, HDAS, m (SD) | 8.6 (4.7) | 8.2 (4.5) | 8.9 (4.7) | 0.088 |