Impact of Haemophilus influenzae type b combination vaccination on asthma symptoms and pneumonia in 5-year-old children in rural Bangladesh: a longitudinal study and comparison with a previous cross-sectional study

Table 2 Risk factors for wheezing

		N	Crude OR^a (95% CI)	p	Adjusted OR (95% CI)^a	p
Sex	M/F^b	804/854	1.08 (0.77–1.53)	0.640	1.02 (0.71–1.45)	0.931
Use of antibiotics	Yes/no	1453/205	2.97 (1.37–6.44)	0.006	2.74 (1.24–6.06)	0.013
Hib vaccine	Yes/no	1522/136	0.52 (0.31–0.86)	0.011	0.50 (0.29–0.85)	0.010
Contact with livestock	Yes/no	743/915	1.24 (0.88–1.74)	0.220	1.28 (0.90–1.83)	0.174
Pneumonia at 0 years	Yes/no	36/1622	1.31 (0.46–3.77)	0.613	0.72 (0.23–2.30)	0.579
Pneumonia at 1 year	Yes/no	24/1634	4.46 (1.82–10.95)	0.001	2.86 (1.02–8.01)	0.046
Pneumonia a 2 years	Yes/no	30/1628	7.49 (3.53–15.89)	< 0.001	3.19 (1.12–9.08)	0.030
Pneumonia 3–4 years	Yes/no	24/1634	7.93 (3.46–18.20)	< 0.001	3.69 (1.13–12.06)	0.030
Mother has asthma	Yes/no	129/1529	2.66 (1.64–4.30)	< 0.001	2.58 (1.54–4.34)	< 0.001
Mother has rhinitis	Yes/no	327/1331	1.50 (1.02–2.23)	0.041	1.15 (0.74–1.79)	0.532
Father has asthma	Yes/no	80/1578	3.59 (2.08–6.20)	< 0.001	2.66 (1.46–4.84)	0.001
Father has rhinitis	Yes/no	236/1422	2.17 (1.45–3.25)	< 0.001	1.70 (1.08–2.67)	0.022

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