Table 2 Lung function, dyspnea, quality of life, and chest CT assessments in COVID-19 patients 3 months after ICU discharge

Pulmonary function test, n = 22

(mean ± SD)

FEV1 (L)

2.88 ± 0.66

FEV1 (%)

89.4 ± 15.7

FVC (L)

3.38 ± 0.81

FVC (%)

83.64 ± 16.9

FEV1/FCV

0.86 ± 0.06

DLCO (%)

80.7 ± 14.3

PFT interpretation

Normal

Restrictive pattern

Restrictive + altered diffusion

Altered diffusion

n = 10

n = 2

n = 4

n = 6

6MWDT, n = 20

(mean ± SD)

Distance (m)

514.4 ± 93.1

Distance (%)

73.5 ± 12.3

Distance < 80%

n = 13

Desaturation

n = 6

Respiratory muscle strength, n = 21

(mean ± SD)

MIP (cm H₂O)

85.7 ± 24.9

MIP (%)

81.8 ± 15.2

MIP < 80%

n = 9

MEP (cm H₂O)

102.8 ± 32.3

MEP (%)

66.1 ± 30.7

MEP < 80%

n = 17

MMRC, n = 21, mean ± SD

0.7 ± 1.7

SF-36, n = 22 (mean ± SD)

Physical functioning

70.79 ± 21.30

Role physical

33.82 ± 37.44

Pain

64.60 ± 26.61

General health

59.90 ± 17.62

Vitality

56.84 ± 16.68

Social

69.38 ± 22.02

Role emotional

38.61 ± 48.77

Mental health

69.68 ± 16.99

Chest CT Scan, n = 22

Baseline

3-months

Normal

n = 0

n = 3

Number of affected segments in both lungs (mean ± SD), score/20

17.2 ± 19

8.1 ± 10.1

Predominant abnormalities

 Ground glass opacities

n = 22

n = 0

 Consolidation

n = 16

n = 2

 Fibrosis

n = 9

n = 19

Abnormalities distribution

 Peripheral location

n = 8

n = 7

 Diffuse location

n = 14

n = 12

 Lower lobes predominant involvement

n = 12

n = 11