Fig. 10

Involvement of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and PKC/MAPKs in RELM-β-induced PASMC proliferation. The WB results and relative p-Akt protein levels of PASMCs treated with 0 (control) or 20 ng/ml RELM-β or RELM-β + LY294002 (10 μM, a PI3K inhibitor) (a). The WB results and relative p-mTOR protein levels of PASMCs treated with 0 (control) or 20 ng/ml RELM-β, RELM-β + LY294002 and RELM-β + perifosine (100 nM, an Akt inhibitor) (b). The WB results and relative p-MAPK protein levels of PASMCs treated with 0 (control) or 20 ng/ml RELM-β or RELM-β + LY317615 (10 μM, a PKC inhibitor) (c). The percentage of EdU-positive PASMCs treated with 0 (control) or 20 ng/ml RELM-β, RELM-β + LY294002, RELM-β + perifosine, or RELM-β + rapamycin (100 nM, a mTOR inhibitor) (d) and with RELM-β + LY317615 or RELM-β + PD98059 (20 μM, a MAPK inhibitor) (e) for 48 h using EdU immunofluorescence staining (c). n = 3 in each group. *P < 0.05 versus the control group; **P < 0.01 versus the control group; ^##P < 0.01 between two groups indicated by a line