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Table 1 Representative respiratory indices across the lifespan

From: Aerosol drug delivery to spontaneously-breathing preterm neonates: lessons learned

 

Premature newborn infant (2 kg)*

Healthy newborn (10 d old)

7-month-old

5-year-old

Adult (53-year-old)

RR, cycles/min

90

44

25

21

12

I:E

1:2.5

1:3

1:2

1:2

1:2

Ti, s

0.30

0.34

0.80

0.95

1.67

Flow, L/min

2.9

3.8

6.5

11.2

18.0

VT, mL

7.4

22.0

87.0

177.0

500.0

% of adult VT

1.5

4.4

17.4

35.4

100

VE, L

0.66

0.96

2.17

3.71

6.00

  1. Adapted from Xi et al.[64]
  2. RR, respiratory rate; I:E, Inspiratory-expiratory ratio; Ti, inspiratory time; VT, tidal volume; VE, minute ventilation
  3. *Premature infant data from te Pas et al. [62]; representative data from other pediatric populations and adults from Fleming et al., Gagliardi et al., and Rusconi et al.[65,66,67]