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Fig. 7 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 7

From: Chronic exposure to ambient particulate matter induces gut microbial dysbiosis in a rat COPD model

Fig. 7

Microbial metabolites in colon contents of controls (CON) and rats exposed to biomass fuel (BMF) or motor vehicle exhaust (MVE). a Levels of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were lower in the MVE groups after 24 weeks of exposure. b Levels of acetic acid were lower in the MVE groups, especially after 24 weeks of exposure. c, d Levels of propionic acid and caproic acid did not differ between groups. e Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in the three groups after 4 and 24 weeks of exposure. f Elevated serum LPS levels were correlated with the mean linear intercept. Boxes and the inside line represent the mean ± SD; each dot corresponds to a sample. n = 6. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01

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