| Total (n = 164) | Severe (n = 29) | Non-severe (n = 135) | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, (y) mean ± SD | 61.8 ± 13.6 | 71.0 ± 12.8 | 59.8 ± 12.9 | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 84 (51.2) | 20 (69.0) | 64 (47.4) | 0.04 |
Current smoker, n (%) | 17 (10.4) | 2 (6.9) | 15 (11.1) | 0.73 |
Regular drinker, n (%) | 3 (1.8) | 0 | 3 (2.2) | > 0.99 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 52 (31.7) | 13 (44.8) | 39 (28.9) | 0.09 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 31 (18.9) | 7 (24.1) | 24 (17.8) | 0.43 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 63 (38.4) | 18 (62.1) | 45 (33.3) | 0.004 |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 10 (6.1) | 4 (13.8%) | 6 (4.4%) | 0.14 |
Overweight, n (%) | 55 (33.5) | 14 (48.3) | 41 (30.4) | 0.06 |
Physical inactivity, n (%) | 103 (62.8) | 26 (89.7) | 77 (57.0) | 0.001 |
COPD, n (%) | 12 (7.3) | 4 (13.8) | 8 (5.9) | 0.28 |
Cardio-cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 23 (14.0) | 8 (27.6) | 15 (11.1) | 0.020 |
Renal impairment, n (%) | 25 (15.2) | 10 (34.5) | 15 (11.1) | 0.001 |
Digestive disease, n (%) | 15 (9.1) | 1 (3.4) | 14 (10.4) | 0.41 |
Immunosuppresives, n (%) | 3 (1.8) | 1 (3.4) | 2 (1.5) | > 0.99 |
Tumor, n (%) | 13 (7.9) | 3 (10.3) | 10 (7.4) | 0.88 |
Wet market exposure, n (%) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (0.7) | 0.79 |
Clinical symptoms | ||||
 Fever, n (%) | 115 (70.1) | 20 (69.0) | 95 (70.4) | 0.88 |
 Dry cough, n (%) | 104 (63.4) | 19 (65.5) | 85 (63.0) | 0.80 |
 Productive cough, n (%) | 23 (14.0) | 2 (6.9) | 21 (15.6) | 0.36 |
 Fatigue, n (%) | 57 (34.8) | 9 (31.0) | 48 (35.6) | 0.64 |
 Muscle or joint ache, n (%) | 21 (12.8) | 2 (6.9) | 19 (14.1) | 0.46 |
 Thoracalgia, n (%) | 31 (18.9) | 6 (20.7) | 25 (18.5) | 0.79 |
 Sore throat, n (%) | 23 (14.0) | 4 (13.8) | 19 (14.1) | > 0.99 |
 Diarrhea, n (%) | 13 (7.9) | 4 (13.8) | 9 (6.7) | 0.36 |
 Catarrh, n (%) | 6 (3.7) | 0 | 6 (4.4) | 0.59 |
 Anorexia, n (%) | 48 (29.3) | 8 (27.6) | 40 (29.6) | 0.83 |
 Short of breath, n (%) | 65 (39.6) | 15 (51.7) | 50 (37.0) | 0.14 |
 Headache, n (%) | 19 (11.6) | 3 (10.3) | 16 (11.9) | > 0.99 |
 Total symptoms (IQR) | 3 [2–4] | 3 [2–4] | 3 [2–4] | 0.94 |
Routine blood examinations | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Decreased leucocytes, n (%) | 11 (6.7) | 5 (17.2) | 6 (4.4) | 0.01 |
 Decreased lymphocytes, n (%) | 55 (33.5) | 19 (65.5) | 36 (26.7) | < 0.001 |
 Decreased hemoglobin, n (%) | 42 (25.6) | 15 (51.7) | 27 (20.0) | < 0.001 |
 Decreased platelets, n (%) | 14 (8.5) | 7 (24.1) | 7 (5.2) | 0.001 |
 Increased ALT or AST, n (%) | 58 (35.4) | 14 (18.3) | 44 (32.6) | 0.11 |
 Increased LDH, n (%) | 50 (30.7) | 17 (58.6) | 33 (24.6) | < 0.001 |
Complications | ||||
 Acute stroke, n (%) | 3 (1.8) | 3 (10.3) | 0 | 0.005 |
 Shock, n (%) | 3 (1.8) | 3 (10.3) | 0 | 0.005 |
CT findings, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.04 |
 Unilateral pneumonia, n (%) | 26 (15.9) | 3 (10.3) | 23 (17.0) |  |
 Bilateral pneumonia, n (%) | 86 (52.4) | 11 (37.9) | 75 (55.6) |  |
 Multiple mottling and ground-glass opacity, n (%) | 52 (31.7) | 15 (51.7) | 37 (27.4) |  |
Treatment | ||||
 Oxygen therapy, n (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
  Nasal cannula, n (%) | 79 (48.2) | 16 (55.2) | 63 (46.7) |  |
  Medical mask, n (%) | 5 (3.0) | 5 (17.2) | 0 |  |
  High solution, n (%) | 5 (3.0) | 5 (17.2) | 0 |  |
  Invasive ventilation, n (%) | 3 (1.8) | 3 (10.3) | 0 |  |
 Glucocorticoid, n (%) | 20 (12.2) | 9 (31.0) | 11 (8.1) | 0.001 |
 Antibacterial, n (%) | 117 (71.8) | 23 (82.1) | 94 (69.6) | 0.18 |
 Antivirus, n (%) | 158 (96.3) | 27 (93.1) | 131 (97.0) | 0.63 |
 Chinese traditional medicine, n (%) | 156 (95.1) | 26 (89.7) | 130 (96.3) | 0.30 |
 Outcomes Cured at discharge, n (%) | 103 (62.8) | 9 (31.0) | 94 (69.6) | < 0.001 |
 Death, n (%) | 6 (3.7) | 6 (20.7) | 0 | < 0.001 |