Table 4 Risk factors associated with critical illness

 Age, years

2.03 (1.61–2.62)

8.92E-09

 Baseline(< 30)

1.00 (ref)

  30–39

2.27 (0.31–45.77)

0.473534

  40–49

1.85 (0.26–37.22)

0.590015

  50–59

7.05 (1.25–132.86)

0.069253

  60–69

14.29 (2.62–267.08)

0.012654

  70–79

55.00 (8.15–1132.20)

0.000512

   > 79

25.00 (3.18–538.98)

0.007295

 Female sex (vs male)

1.19 (0.65–2.24)

0.58

 Dyspnea (vs not dyspnea)

40.56 (16.19–117.96)

1.28E-13

46.01 (15.36–169.48)

2.30E-10

 Respiratory rate > 24 breaths per min (vs respiratory rate ≤ 24 breaths per min)

15.63 (6.34–42.77)

1.07E-08

5.84 (1.53–23.01)

0.00994

 Hypertension

3.84 (1.92–7.64)

0.000123

1.45 (0.64–3.19)

0.365

 Diabetes

3.53 (1.28–9.493)

0.0121

1.74 (0.58–5.02)

0.307

 Digestive tract disease

1.29 (0.06–10.29)

0.828

 Cardiovascular disease

6.39 (1.76–25.87)

0.00535

1.33 (0.32–6.00)

0.697

 Cerebrovascular disease

7.96 (0.75–173.32)

0.093

 Carcinoma

12.18 (1.52–249.22)

0.032

2.57 (0.29–54.99)

0.434

 Liver disease

4.02 (0.73–22.30)

0.0944

 Chronic obstructive lung disease

1.29 (0.19–5.81)

0.757

 White blood cell count (×10⁹/L)

5.56 (2.69–12.43)

9.59E-06

7.11 (3.04–18.43)

1.75E-05

   < 3.5

0.39 (0.09–1.16)

0.131

0.19 (0.03–0.75)

0.034956

  3.5–9.5

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

   > 9.5

7.94 (3.19–21.18)

1.43E-05

8.38 (2.82–26.64)

0.00018

 Lymphocyte count (×10⁹/L)

0.33 (0.16–0.64)

0.00144

0.49 (0.23–1.00)

0.0584

   < 1.1

3.68 (1.83–7.94)

0.000452

2.41 (1.09–5.63)

0.0342

  1.1–3.2

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

   > 3.2

4.18 (0.19–47.28)

0.258274

1.96 (0.08–26.78)

0.6238

 Neutrophil count (x10⁹/L)

2.81 (1.54–5.31)

0.00106

3.00 (1.50–6.30)

0.00259

   < 1.8

1.00 (0.35–2.49)

0.998

0.94 (0.28–2.77)

0.915091

  1.8–6.3

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

   > 6.3

5.13 (2.33–11.44)

5.11E-05

6.03 (2.31–16.18)

0.000268

 Monocyte count(x10⁹/L)

1.35 (0.63–2.81)

0.42501

   < 0.1

3.69 (0.14–94.79)

0.36

  0.1–0.6

1.00 (ref)

   > 0.6

1.53 (0.69–3.21)

0.274

 Platelet count (x10⁹/L)

1.16 (0.55–2.57)

0.698881

   < 125

1.18 (0.49–2.62)

0.693

  125–350

1.00 (ref)

   > 350

3.68 (0.66–20.52)

0.119

 NLR

3.92 (2.11–7.59)

2.57E-05

4.17 (2.00–9.26)

0.000231

   < 0.78

NA^b

0.986

NA

0.98938

  0.78–3.53

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

   > 3.53

3.73 (1.96–7.32)

8.52E-05

3.78 (1.73–8.65)

0.00113

 APTT(s)

1.90 (0.92–3.94)

0.082165

   < 21

NA

0.985

  21–37

1.00 (ref)

   > 37

1.48 (0.63–3.30)

0.352

 fibrinogen(g/L)

3.06 (1.58–5.99)

0.000969

2.69 (1.27–5.84)

0.01063

   < 2

NA

0.9898

NA

0.9874

  2–4

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

   > 4

2.90 (1.46–5.77)

0.0023

2.38 (1.07–5.33)

0.0334

 D-dimer (μg/mL)

2.52 (1.29–4.96)

0.00699

2.52 (1.14–5.63)

0.0228

 ESR (mm/1 h)

2.18 (1.05–4.54)

0.0364

2.54 (0.99–6.65)

0.052685

 Procalcitonin (ng/mL)

4.40 (1.77–13.36)

0.00337

2.83 (1.03–9.34)

0.0598

 CRP (mg/L)

2.02 (1.04–4.09)

0.0434

1.68 (0.76–3.90)

0.210687

 Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L)

2.16 (1.16–4.13)

0.0172

1.47 (0.71–3.12)

0.30

   < 91

0.34 (0.012–1.84)

0.3101

0.38 (0.02–2.56)

0.407692

  91–230

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

   > 230

2.04 (0.98–4.22)

0.0539

1.29 (0.53–3.08)

0.563397

 Creatine kinase (U/L)

1.77 (0.82–3.72)

0.136

 Creatinine (μmol/L)

1.67 (0.62–4.73)

0.3153

   < 44

1.27 (0.26–4.77)

0.7402

  44–112

1.00 (ref)

   > 112

2.95 (0.79–11.09)

0.0987

 BUN (mmol/L)

8.09 (2.84–29.37)

0.000331

9.20 (2.87–38.15)

0.000611

   < 2.5

0.67 (0.10–2.76)

0.622078

0.54 (0.05–3.14)

0.54405

  2.5–7.1

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

   > 7.1

18.16 (4.68–120.23)

0.000229

18.57 (4.23–133.27)

0.00053

 AST (U/L)

2.30 (1.19–4.44)

0.0131

2.29 (1.05–5.03)

0.036656

 ALT(U/L)

2.28 (1.09–4.70)

0.0269

3.67 (1.45–9.47)

0.00615

 Total bilirubin (μmol/L)

5.71 (2.47–13.68)

5.84E-05

5.53 (2.12–14.92)

0.000548

   < 3

NA

0.989

NA

0.990348

  3–21

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

   > 21

5.60 (2.40–13.50)

8.12E-05

5.50 (2.10–14.88)

0.000584

 SOFA score

2.88 (2.10–4.16)

1.15E-09

2.77 (1.95–4.16)

1.20E-07

  0

1.00 (ref)

1.00 (ref)

  1

NA

0.99253

NA

0.992699

  2

14.68 (3.43–102.01)

0.00112

10.72 (2.25–79.00)

0.006283

  3

36.64 (8.66–256.66)

1.34E-05

35.09 (6.91–279.80)

9.44E-05

  4

108.50 (16.22–1247.72)

1.34E-05

73.50 (9.45–9.52)

0.000177

  5

403.00 (49.95–9761.98)

2.01E-06

474.72 (38.22–27,290.59)

8.24E-05

  6

NA

0.99582

NA

0.996041

  7

NA

0.99759

NA

0.998477