Outcome measures for airway clearance techniques in children with chronic obstructive lung diseases: a systematic review

Lauwers, Eline; Ides, Kris; Van Hoorenbeeck, Kim; Verhulst, Stijn

doi:10.1186/s12931-020-01484-z

Table 1 Study characteristics

From: Outcome measures for airway clearance techniques in children with chronic obstructive lung diseases: a systematic review

Article	Design	Pathology	n	ACT	Duration	Type of outcome measures								LOE
Article	Design	Pathology	n	ACT	Duration	PFT	SP	OX	EX	IM	DE	PRO	OTH	LOE
Denton 1962 [12]	comparative	CF	23	CPT	1x	•	•							4
Maxwell 1979 [13]	RXO	CF	14	CPT	1x	•	•							2b
Weller 1980 [24]	comparative	CF	20	CPT	2x	•	•							4
Zach 1982 [37]	comparative	CF	10	CPT, exercise	17 d + 8 w	•								4
Desmond 1983 [38]	RXO	CF	10	CPT	3 w	•	•							2b
De Boeck 1984 [30]	RXO	CF	9	CPT	1x	•	•							2b
Andreasson 1987 [49]	uncontrolled	CF	7	Exercise	30 m	•			•	•			•	4
Van Asperen 1987 [54]	RXO	CF	10	CPT, PEP	4 w	•	•					•		2b
Bain 1988 [55]	RCT	CF	38 (19/19)	CPT	2 w	•	•	•						2b
Reisman 1988 [56]	RCT	CF	63 (30/33)	CPT, FET	3 y	•			•		•		•	1b
Cerny 1989 [57]	RCT	CF	17 (8/9)	CPT, exercise	13 d	•	•		•					2b
Maayan 1989 [31]	RCT	CF	25 (6/5/8/6)	CPT	1x	•								2b
Asher 1990 [58]	RCT	Asthma	38 (19/19)	CPT	2 d	•								1b
Oberwaldner 1991 [59]	uncontrolled	CF	18	PEP	16 d	•								4
Steen 1991 [60]	RXO	CF	28	CPT, PEP, FET	4 w	•	•					•		1b
Van der Schans 1991 [32]	RXO	CF	8	PEP	1x	•				•				2b
Pfleger 1992 [33]	RXO	CF	14	PEP, AD	1x	•	•							1b
Bauer 1994 [39]	RCT	CF	73 (36/37)	CPT	12 d	•					•			1b
Natale 1994 [34]	RXO	CF	9	IPV	5 d	•	•							2b
Homnick 1995 [40]	RCT	CF	16 (8/8)	CPT, IPV	180 d	•					•	•		2b
McIlwaine 1997 [41]	RCT	CF	36 (18/18)	CPT, PEP	1 y	•				•	•			1b
Plebani 1997 [42]	Uncontrolled	HIV	8	PEP	1 y	•					•			4
Homnick 1998 [43]	RCT	CF	33 (16/17)	CPT, OPEP	9 d	•					•		•	2b
Newhouse 1998 [35]	RXO	CF	10	CPT, OPEP, IPV	1x	•	•							2b
Van Winden 1998 [44]	RXO	CF	22	PEP, OPEP	2 w	•								1b
Fauroux 1999 [36]	RXO	CF	16	FET, NIV	1x	•	•	•				•		1b
Gondor 1999 [45]	RCT	CF	20 (8/12)	CPT, OPEP	2 w	•			•					2b
Williams 2000 [14]	RXO	CF	26	CPT, ACBT	1x	•	•						•	2b
McIlwaine 2001 [46]	RCT	CF	40 (20/20)	PEP, OPEP	1 y	•				•	•		•	2b
Williams 2001 [15]	RXO	CF	15	CPT, ACBT	1x	•							•	2b
Samransamruajkit 2003 [47]	RCT	Asthma	40 (20/20)	OPEP	2 d	•		•					•	1b
Marks 2004 [27]	RXO	CF	10	CPT, IPV	1x	•	•					•		2b
Phillips 2004 [16]	RXO	CF	10	HFCWO, ACBT	2x	•	•					•		2b
Darbee 2005 [17]	RXO	CF	15	HFCWO, PEP	2x	•		•						1b
Lagerkvist 2006 [18]	RXO	CF	15	PEP, OPEP	1x	•		•						1b
Hristara-Papadopoulou 2007 [29]	RXO	CF	35	CPT, ACBT	1x		•							2b
Indinnimeo 2007 [53]	RCT	multiple	19 (12/7)	CPT	1 m	•								2b
Tannenbaum 2007 [19]	RCT	CF	18 (9/9)	CPT	1x	•								2b
Didario 2009 [20]	RCT	Asthma	40 (20/20)	CPT	6x in 24 h	•		•						2b
Bannier 2010 [21]	Uncontrolled	CF	10	Breathing exercises	1x	•	•			•				2b
McIlwaine 2010 [48]	RXO	CF	18	CPT, AD	1 y	•					•	•	•	1b
Reix 2012 [22]	RXO	CF	32	ACBT, exercise	1x	•	•					•		1b
Abbas 2013 [23]	Uncontrolled	CF	25	PEP/OPEP	1x	•								2b
McIlwaine 2013 [50]	RCT	CF	107 (51/56)	PEP, HFCWO	1 y	•					•	•		2b
Gokdemir 2014 [51]	RXO	PCD	24	CPT, HFCWO	5 d	•		•				•		2b
Hortal 2014 [25]	Uncontrolled	CF	8	AD, PEP	1x	•								4
Voldby 2018 [26]	Uncontrolled	CF	10	Exercise, PEP	2x	•								4
Ghasempour 2019 [52]	RCT	CF	40 (20/20)	PEP	6 d	•		•			•			1b
Vendrusculo 2019 [28]	RXO	CF	12	AD, PEP	1x	•			•					2b

Abbreviations: ACBT active cycle of breathing technique, ACT airway clearance technique, AD autogenic drainage, CF cystic fibrosis, CPT chest physical therapy, DE disease exacerbation parameters, EX exercise, FET forced expiration technique, HFCWO high frequency chest wall oscillation, IM imaging, IPV intrapulmonary percussive ventilation, LOE level of evidence, n number of subjects, NIV non-invasive ventilation, (O) PEP (oscillatory) positive expiratory pressure, OTH other type of measures, OX oxygenation, PCD primary ciliary dyskinesia, PFT pulmonary function test, PRO patient-reported outcome, RCT randomized clinical trial, RXO randomized crossover trial, SP expectorated sputum

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